C. Trial Monitoring Programme, OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina 128 Model A staff programme of the OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina funded through the OSCE unified budget, while a separate section monitoring the cases transferred from the ICTY (Rule 11 bis Section) is funded through extra-budgetary funds. Inception The Mission began monitoring war-crimes cases in 1996. A systemic, full-time monitoring programme was established in 2004. Objectives • To monitor criminal cases and assess compliance with international standards, including human rights and fair-trial standards, with particular focus on the ECHR; • To monitor the implementation of the criminal procedure code to identify systemic issues relating to the effective and fair administration of justice in criminal cases; • To publicly report findings and make specific recommendations to assist national authorities with their institutional responsibilities; • To assess the application of international standards in war-crimes cases transferred under Rule 11 bis of the ICTY Rules of Procedure and support the process of transitional justice. Reports “Implementation of the New Criminal Procedural Code in the Courts of Bosnia and Herzegovina” (2004); “War Crimes Trials, Progress and Obstacles” (2005); “Plea Agreements in Bosnia and Herzegovina” (2006); “The Presumption of Innocence Report” (2007); regular reports in cases transferred from the ICTY sent to the ICTY Office of the Prosecutor and shared with local actors. Partners None Monitoring Staff Twenty-six national staff monitor criminal cases in 38 designated trial and appellate courts throughout the county. Supervision is provided by 10 international and national legal advisers at the head office and in regional centres. The Rule 11 bis Section consists of one international legal adviser, two national monitors and one international monitor, and support staff. Trial-Monitoring: A Reference Manual for Practitioners