9. Monitoring Efforts To Prevent And Respond To Sgbv • What are the procedures/risk assessments in place to determine how staff should be allocated to work with different detainees/prisoners? • What risk and needs assessments are used to inform individual sentence plans, including in relation to risks of abuse and/or the need for protection against abuse? • Who carries out the assessments? Have they received any training in assessing risk and needs in relation to SGBV? Information from detainees/prisoners • Are detainees/prisoners aware of any form of risk and needs assessment having taken place at any stage of their arrest and detention? If so, were they involved in the process? How is the history of SGBV included in the assessment? • How are risk and needs assessments regularly updated? Focus on specific groups/individuals • Do risk and needs assessments in relation to an individual’s risk of sexual abuse include whether they are or are perceived to be LGBTI? • Are there risk and needs assessment tools in place that address the gender-specific needs and circumstances of women prisoners, including in relation to SGBV risks? 9.2 Access to Healthcare Healthcare professionals can play a vital role in detecting signs of abuse and preventing SGBV. To do so, they should have access to detainees in police custody, as well as those who have already been transferred to prison. Medical screening on first admission to police custody or prison enables staff to detect and record any indications that SGBV has occurred, including any psychological or psychiatric disturbances that point to incidents of SGBV. This may relate to SGBV that took place before the arrest, including domestic violence, or abuse that took place during the arrest or while in police custody. The availability of ongoing medical care can also play a key role in identifying and preventing abuse occurring within places of deprivation of liberty. This will only be possible if all detainees/prisoners are able to access medical staff in full privacy and confidentiality, and if the health staff are properly trained in identifying and documenting signs of abuse. If healthcare providers are independent of the police/prison administration, detainees/prisoners are more likely to trust that they can safely report incidents of SGBV to them, and the staff themselves are more likely to report abuse. All medical appointments should involve a conversation with detainees/prisoners to provide them with the opportunity to report abuse. 60