2. What Is Sexual And Gender-based Violence • Humiliation and harassment based on gender, sexual orientation or gender identity; • Obscene comments or sexualized gestures, such as whistling or leering; • Deprivation of essential items, such as food or soap or other hygiene items, including tampons and sanitary pads, for sexual bartering; • Forcing women to continue pregnancies where existing legal provisions permit interruptions of pregnancy or to have abortions while in custody, as well as virginity testing; • Coerced sterilization of female and male prisoners; and • Workplace sexual harassment affecting staff members. The Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT) has also identified forms of SGBV that are specific to LGBTI detainees/prisoners, including, for trans women, pulling off their garments and wigs or beatings in the breasts and cheekbones to burst implants and release toxins. The organization also notes that lesbians are especially exposed to the risk of being forced to perform sex acts on male police officers and to “corrective rapes”.5 5 APT, Towards the Effective Protection of LGBTI Persons Deprived of Liberty: A Monitoring Guide, op. cit., note 1. 10