Tool 2: Policing and Gender Box 5: Paid domestic violence leave campaign The Australian Council of Trade Unions used billboards to lobby the government to entitle all workers to up to ten days’ paid time off to deal with domestic violence situations – such as being forced to leave home, resettle children, get their finances in order or seek medical or psychological help. The key message of the campaign is that people experiencing domestic violence should not be forced to choose between their income and their safety. Three large billboards, with the words “Women are being killed”, “Paid domestic violence leave can save lives” and “Why no action?” were placed outside the offices of the Minister for Women on International Women’s Day in 2018 and displayed on trucks driving around cities. They generated significant public and media attention. Less than four months later, a new domestic violence leave entitlement for millions of employees across Australia came into effect, a first step towards paid domestic violence leave. Source: Josh Butler (2018) “Australian unions call for domestic violence leave with ‘3 billboards’ stunt”, Huffington Post, 8 March. Image: © ACTU Social movements can also generate the political will to effect change. The “metoo movement” spread rapidly as a hashtag on Twitter and other forms of social media from October 2017, highlighting the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and harassment of (initially) women. The movement achieved global attention and can be credited with shifting attitudes about such crimes (their prevalence) and their victims (their credibility) and contributing to political will to act against GBV within many societies. Beyond political will and public support, high-level engagement within the justice sector, particularly from senior judges and lawyers, is required. To generate this, those advocating for change need to develop mutual respect, trust and good working relationships with highlevel stakeholders, and communicate reforms in ways that resonate with the interests or objectives of these stakeholders. In some contexts, private diplomatic engagement might be more effective than public pressure. In Indonesia, for instance, judges participated in drafting guidelines to address gender bias in the courtroom after non-governmental organizations (NGOs) approached them privately with research which suggested gender bias operated against female victims of GBV, rather than on the basis of public criticism.5 Communication of good practice is another effective means of generating engagement and progressing change. 33