2.1 Konvencija OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju 2. Ta člen ne vpliva na noben mednarodni instrument ali nacionalni zakon, ki vsebuje ali utegne vsebovati določbe širšega pomena. 2. člen 1. Vsaka država članica izvaja zakonske, upravne, sodne ali druge učinkovite ukrepe, da bi na ozemlju pod svojo jurisdikcijo preprečila mučenje. 2. Kot opravičilo za mučenje se ne more navesti nikakršna izredna okoliščina - bodisi da gre za vojno stanje ali vojno nevarnost, notranjo politično nestabilnost ali kako drugo izredno stanje. 3. Kot opravičilo za mučenje se ne more navesti odredba kake nadrejene osebe ali organa oblasti. 3. člen 1. Nobena država članica ne bo pregnala, izgnala in ne izročila osebe drugi državi, če so resni razlogi za sum, da utegne biti mučena. 2. Da bi ugotovili, ali so taki razlogi, bodo pristojni organi upoštevali vse relevantne okoliščine, med drugim tudi to, ali obstaja v zadevni državi vrsta sistematičnih resnih, očitnih ali množičnih kršitev človekovih pravic. 4. člen 1. Vsaka država članica si prizadeva, da se po njenem kazenskem pravu vsa dejanja mučenja štejejo za kazniva dejanja. To velja tudi za poskuse mučenja ali kakega drugega dejanja, ki ga kdo stori, pomeni pa soudeležbo ali udeležbo pri dejanju mučenja. 2. Vsaka država članica določi za ta kazniva dejanja ustrezne kazni, ki upoštevajo njihovo težo. 5. člen 1. Vsaka država članica sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da bi določila svojo pristojnost za kazniva dejanja iz 4. člena v naslednjih primerih: a) kadar je kaznivo dejanje storjeno na ozemlju pod njeno jurisdikcijo ali na letalih ali ladjah, vpisanih v njeni državi; b) kadar je domnevni storilec kaznivega dejanja njen državljan; c) kadar je žrtev njen državljan, če meni, da je to potrebno. 2. Vsaka država članica prav tako sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da bi določila svojo pristojnost za omenjena kazniva dejanja, če je domnevni storilec teh dejanj na ozemlju pod njeno jurisdikcijo in če ga v skladu z 8. členom ne izroči kaki državi iz prvega odstavka tega člena. 3. Ta konvencija ne izključuje nobene kazenske pristojnosti, ki temelji na nacionalni zakonodaji. 2.1 UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 2. This article is without prejudice to any international instrument or national legislation which does or may contain provisions of wider application. Article 2 1. Each State Party shall take effective legislative, administrative, judicial or other measures to prevent acts of torture in any territory under its jurisdiction. 2. No exceptional circumstances whatsoever, whether a state of war or a threat of war, internal political in stability or any other public emergency, may be invoked as a justification of torture. 3. An order from a superior officer or a public authority may not be invoked as a justification of torture. Article 3 1. No State Party shall expel, return (“refouler”) or extradite a person to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that he would be in danger of being subjected to torture. 2. For the purpose of determining whether there are such grounds, the competent authorities shall take into account all relevant considerations including, where applicable, the existence in the State concerned of a consistent pattern of gross, flagrant or mass violations of human rights. Article 4 1. Each State Party shall ensure that all acts of torture are offences under its criminal law. The same shall apply to an attempt to commit torture and to an act by any person which constitutes complicity or participation in torture. 2. Each State Party shall make these offences punishable by appropriate penalties which take into account their grave nature. Article 5 1. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences referred to in article 4 in the following cases: (a) W  hen the offences are committed in any territory under its jurisdiction or on board a ship or aircraft registered in that State; (b) When the alleged offender is a national of that State; (c) When the victim is a national of that State if that State considers it appropriate. 2. Each State Party shall likewise take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over such offences in cases where the alleged offender is present in any territory under its jurisdiction and it does not extradite him pursuant to article 8 to any of the States mentioned in paragraph I of this article. 3. This Convention does not exclude any criminal jurisdiction exercised in accordance with internal law. 6. člen 1. Če meni, da okoliščine to opravičujejo, in po poprejšnji obravnavi obvestil, s katerimi razpolaga, poskrbi vsaka država članica, na ozemlju katere je oseba, za katero se sumi, da je storila kaznivo dejanje iz 4. člena, da se zadevna oseba aretira, ali pa izvede vse potrebne zakonske ukrepe, da bi zagotovila njeno navzočnost. Ta aretacija in ti ukrepi morajo biti v skladu z zakonodajo omenjene države, toda izvajajo se lahko samo toliko časa, kolikor je potrebno za začetek kazenskega pregona ali postopka za izročitev. 2. Omenjena država takoj opravi predhodno preiskavo, da bi ugotovila dejstva. Article 6 1. Upon being satisfied, after an examination of information available to it, that the circumstances so warrant, any State Party in whose territory a person alleged to have committed any offence referred to in article 4 is present shall take him into custody or take other legal measures to ensure his presence. The custody and other legal measures shall be as provided in the law of that State but may be continued only for such time as is necessary to enable any criminal or extradition proceedings to be instituted. 2. Such State shall immediately make a preliminary inquiry into the facts. 186 poročilo o izvajanju nalog DPM v letu 2014 DržavnI preventivnI mehanizEm po Opcijskem protokolu h Konvenciji OZN proti mučenju in drugim krutim, nečloveškim ali poniževalnim kaznim ali ravnanju IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE NPM IN 2014 National Preventive Mechanism under the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 187