Manual on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment Istanbul Protocol Submitted to the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights 9 August 1999 PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS Action for Torture Survivors (HRFT), Geneva Amnesty International, London Association for the Prevention of Torture, Geneva Behandlungszentrum für Folteropfer, Berlin British Medical Association (BMA), London Center for Research and Application of Philosophy and Human Rights, Hacettepe University, Ankara Center for the Study of Society and Medicine, Columbia University, New York Centre Georges Devereux, University of Paris VIII, Paris Committee against Torture, Geneva Danish Medical Association, Copenhagen Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, University of Colombo, Colombo Ethics Department, Dokuz Eylül Medical Faculty, Izmir, Turkey Gaza Community Mental Health Programme, Gaza German Medical Association, Berlin Human Rights Foundation of Turkey (HRFT), Ankara Human Rights Watch, New York Indian Medical Association and the IRCT, New Delhi Indochinese Psychiatric Clinic, Boston, United States of America Institute for Global Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Unites States Instituto Latinoamericano de Salud Mental, Santiago International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva International Federation of Health and Human Rights Organizations, Amsterdam, The Netherlands International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims (IRCT), Copenhagen Johannes Wier Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, New York Physicians for Human Rights Israel, Tel Aviv Physicians for Human Rights Palestine, Gaza Physicians for Human Rights USA, Boston Program for the Prevention of Torture, Inter-American Institute of Human Rights, San José Society of Forensic Medicine Specialists, Istanbul, Turkey Special Rapporteur on Torture, Geneva Survivors International, San Francisco, United States The Center for Victims of Torture (CVT), Minneapolis, United States The Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture, London The Trauma Centre for Survivors of Violence and Torture, Cape Town, South Africa Turkish Medical Association, Ankara World Medical Association, Ferney-Voltaire, France iii