professional competence). Moreover, in its 23rd General Report, the Committee set out in detail its standards regarding the role of prison health-care services in preventing ill-treatment (notably through the systematic recording of injuries and the provision of information to the relevant authorities). Naturally, all the aforementioned standards apply equally to detention centres for juveniles. 114. Having said that, the CPT always pays special attention to the specifc medical needs of juveniles deprived of their liberty. It is particularly important that the health-care service ofered to juveniles constitutes an integrated part of a multidisciplinary (medico-psycho-social) programme of care. This implies, inter alia, that upon admission all juveniles should beneft from a comprehensive individual medical, psychological and social needs assessment and that there is always close co-ordination between the work of an establishment’s health-care team (doctors, nurses, psychologists, etc.) and that of other professionals, including specialised educators, social workers and teachers, who have regular contact with inmates. The goal should be to ensure that the health care delivered to juvenile inmates forms part of a seamless web of support and therapy. 115. All juveniles should be properly interviewed and physically examined by a medical doctor, or a qualifed nurse reporting to a doctor, as soon as possible after their admission to the detention centre; preferably, on the day of arrival. If properly performed, such medical screening on admission should enable the establishment’s health-care service to identify young persons with potential health problems (e.g. drug addiction, sexual abuse and suicidal tendencies). The identifcation of such problems at a sufciently early stage will facilitate the taking General Report of the CPT, 2013-2014 ► Page 54 of efective preventive action within the framework of the establishment’s medico-psycho-social programme of care. 116. It is also widely recognised that detained juveniles have a tendency to engage in risk-taking behaviour, especially with respect to drugs, alcohol and sexual practices, and that they are more likely to engage in self-harm. In consequence, in every detention centre for juveniles, there should be a comprehensive strategy for the management of substance abuse (including prevention and treatment) and the prevention of self-harm and suicide. The provision of health education about transmissible diseases is another important element of a preventive health-care programme. Juveniles with mental-health problems should be cared for by psychiatrists and psychologists specialising in the mental health of children and adolescents. 117. Particular attention should always be paid to the health-care needs of female juveniles: access to gynaecologists and education on women’s health care should be provided. Pregnant juvenile girls and juvenile mothers in detention should receive appropriate support and medical care; as far as possible, alternatives to detention should be imposed. In this regard, the relevant standards on women deprived of their liberty which the CPT elaborated in its 10th General Report apply equally to detained female juveniles.10 118. Health-care staf should also play an active role in monitoring the quality and quantity of food. The juveniles’ nutritional state should be assessed through, inter alia, drawing up a growth chart for those juveniles who are still in the growth phase. 10. See CPT/Inf (2000) 13, paragraphs 26 to 33.