HIGHLIGHTS OF RESULTS UN Human Rights facilitates an expert discussion on the draft Law establishing the National Specialized Court for Most Serious Crimes in Iraq. © UNAMI PIO In the Americas, the commissioners of the Truth Commission of Bolivia, created in 2016, were appointed in August. In Colombia, efforts continued for the establishment of judicial and non-judicial mechanisms to deal with serious violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law that were committed during the armed conflict. The Special Indigenous Jurisdiction received official recognition in accordance with international law. In Asia, all of the 34 provincial road maps for peace were completed as part of the Afghan People’s Dialogue on Peace. In addition, the Government of Sri Lanka continued working on the implementation of its transitional justice agenda, which includes the establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, an Office for Missing Persons, a reparations programme and a special accountability mechanism with a special counsel and the participation of foreign judges. National consultations to discuss these mechanisms were held in 2016 and, in January 2017, an outcome report was finalized. In 2016, the Government adopted legislation to establish an Office of Missing Persons, which was operationalized in 2017. It is anticipated that the newly established office will start working in 2018. While the legislation for a truth and reconciliation commission and a reparations programme has been drafted, it has not yet been publicly discussed or adopted. In the Middle East and North Africa region, a draft law for the creation of a specialized court for the most serious crimes in Iraq has been finalized and disseminated for consideration, in full compliance with international principles. In Libya, although no general transitional justice mechanism has been established, a milestone was reached during the Tawergha-Misrata transitional justice process when, in 2016, an agreement was signed between these communities, addressing issues of truth-seeking, justice, reparations and reconciliation. The National Commission of Inquiry on Yemen issued two interim reports, reportedly documented more than 17,000 human rights violations and completed investigations of more than 10,000 allegations. 28 UN HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2017 National Preventive Mechanisms Some achievements were recorded in relation to the establishment and strengthening of National Preventive Mechanisms (NPMs). In Cambodia, although the NPM still falls short of OP-CAT requirements, there have been improvements in relation to the nomination and independence of its new members. Efforts were undertaken by Indonesia to strengthen its recently created NPM for monitoring places of detention. In Tunisia, the NPM adopted rules of procedure and a 2017-2021 plan of action. It also undertook a series of outreach activities across the country to engage with civil society organizations to ensure that they understand the role of the NPM. The NPM of Ukraine carried out regular visits to places of detention, thereby strengthening human rights protection for detainees. Engagement by the international community Throughout the year, the High Commissioner advocated for the increased responsiveness of the international community to ensure accountability for human rights violations and abuses and other international crimes. In particular, the High Commissioner renewed calls for accountability for human rights violations committed in Syria. Consequently, the international community has taken steps to address the prevailing situation of impunity by establishing two distinct and complementary entities. The mandate of the International Independent Commission of Inquiry, established in 2011, has been renewed by the Human Rights Council. Additionally, in December 2016, the General Assembly decided to establish the International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Those Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic since March 2011. In 2017, the Mechanism began to collect and analyse evidence of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and abuses that have been committed in Syria since 2011.