During another deportation procedure, the doctor accompanying the measure based his verdict of one person's fitness to travel primarily on a court decision dealing with the formalities of a medical certificate that had been issued at an earlier date. The doctor accompanying a deportation procedure should primarily be bound by the standards of medical ethics. The basis for any assessment of fitness to travel should be the medical professional’s expert opinion gained in person on site. The medical file should be secondary in this assessment. During the same deportation procedure, two doctors gave differing opinions in on-site assessments of one person’s fitness to travel. Despite this, the deportation order was still enforced. If there are any doubts about a person’s fitness to travel, the deportation should not be carried out. Not all Länder have compiled instructions for their employees regarding the organisation and the procedural aspects of deportation operations. From the point of view of the National Agency, however, such instructions help to provide staff with certainty in this exceptional situation, and to ensure a consistent approach by the authorities. Deportations should be carried out by members of staff who are sufficiently qualified. 1.2.17 – Deportation monitoring Deportation monitoring at airports and regular exchanges with authorities and non-state actors help to uncover alleged abuses or misconduct during deportation operations. In North Rhine-Westphalia, a deportation monitoring mission and the “Airports in NRW Forum" were established in 2000. Within the forum, representatives of governmental and nongovernmental organisations are involved in monitoring deportation operations. In Berlin and Brandenburg, a deportation monitoring mission and the Berlin-Brandenburg Deportation Monitoring Forum were founded in 2013. The National Agency recommends that deportation monitoring be established at all airports where deportations take place. A dialogue should then be maintained between these services and the competent authorities. 1.2.15 – Cash lump sum The payment of a lump sum in cash is the responsibility of the respective foreigner authority of 52 the Länder, and is not handled consistently. The National Agency observed that people being deported were frequently handed over to the Federal Police at the airport without any financial means of their own. According to the Federal Police, it sometimes pays a cash lump sum to persons being deported, with this sum being requested subsequently from the respective foreigner authority. At certain airports, the church's deportation monitoring service voluntarily provides cash lump sums to persons being deported. This, however, is not reimbursed to the church. No person being deported should be left without any financial means of their own. All deportees must have sufficient financial means to pay for the journey from the airport to the final destination, as well as for meals needed during this journey. 1.2.16 – Further training of prison staff Deportation operations put the person being deported in exceptional circumstances. For this reason, staff-members accompanying deportation operations must be appropriately trained and prepared for the individual procedures. The Federal 53 Police and the Berlin Police currently organise and train staff accordingly. 52 Only the Länder of Brandenburg, Berlin, BadenWürttemberg, Hesse, Lower Saxony, North RhineWestphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate and Thuringia have specific regulations regarding cash lump sums. 53 In Berlin, arrests are handled by the working group responsible locally for missions of the Land police that have an intercultural nature. This working group consists of staff in plain clothes who are specially trained, have relevant language skills, and are experienced in dealing with refugees. 42