death_penalty_new.qxd 02-08-27 12:57 Page 34 THE DEATH PENALTY IN THE OSCE AREA Moratorium: There has been an unofficial de facto moratorium on executions in place since 1996 following the example of the Russian Federation. Method of execution: Shooting103. STATISTICS Number of death sentences passed: None. Number of executions: None. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Juvenile Offenders: Persons who were below the age of 18 at the time that the crime was committed cannot be sentenced to death104. Pregnant women: Women cannot be sentenced to death105. Clemency/Pardon: The Criminal Code gives the de facto President authority to grant clemency on the basis of an appeal from the sentenced person106. The death penalty can be replaced by an act of clemency with life imprisonment or deprivation of liberty for 25 years107. 103 104 105 106 107 Article 186 of the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation, 8 January 1997. Article 59(2) of the de facto Criminal Code. Article 59(2) of the de facto Criminal Code. This article also provides that the death penalty cannot be applied to men who are over the age of 65 at the time when the sentence is pronounced. Article 85 of the de facto Criminal Code. Articles 59(3) and 85 of the de facto Criminal Code. 34