PART D: Torture in the Promotional Mandate of the African Commission 2. Country-specific Resolutions In furtherance of its promotional mandate under Article 45, the Commission also adopts country-specific resolutions, usually to denounce human rights violations in a particular State. On a number of occasions, such resolutions have made reference to torture, arbitrary detention and other ill-treatment. For example, the Commission’s 2004 resolution on Côte d’Ivoire referred to gross human rights violations in the context of the events since 1999. In its resolution, the Commission noted that it ‘deplores the grave and rampant human rights violations committed against the civilian populations, such as summary and arbitrary executions, torture and arbitrary detention and disappearances’.570 The Commission also decided to undertake a fact-finding mission to investigate human rights violations committed in Côte d’Ivoire since the beginning of the crisis. Similarly, at its Fourth Extraordinary Session in February 2008, the Commission adopted a resolution on the situation of human rights in Somalia in which it decided to send a fact-finding mission to Somalia. More recently, at its Fifty-fourth session in November 2013, the Commission adopted a resolution condemning the cases of summary execution and enforced disappearances in Mali, and calling on the government to take the necessary measures to end these human rights violations and hold perpetrators accountable, including by conducting an independent investigation.571 At its Fourteenth Extraordinary Session in July 2013, the Commission adopted several country resolutions in which it referred to torture and other forms of ill-treatment and violence, including the resolutions on the human rights situations in Egypt572, Democratic Republic of the Congo573, Guinea574 and Central African Republic.575 As engagement with the African human rights system increased, government representatives began taking issue with these resolutions. When certain country-specific resolutions have been brought before the AU Executive Council and Assemblytheir publication has sometimes been blocked.576 In previous years, the Commission had routinely included such resolutions in its Activity Reports to the 570 ACHPR, Resolution on Côte d’Ivoire, ACHPR /Res.67(XXXV)04, 35th Ordinary Session (4 June 2004). 571 ACHPR, Resolution on Summary Execution and Enforced Disappearances in Mali, ACHPR/Res.258, 54th Ordinary Session (5 November 2013). 572 ACHPR, Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the Arab Republic of Egypt, ACHPR/Res.240, 14th Extraordinary Session (24 July 2013). 573 ACHPR, Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo, ACHPR/ Res.241, 14th Extraordinary Session (24 July 2013). 574 ACHPR, Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in Guinea, ACHPR/Res.242, 14th Extraordinary Session (24 July 2013). 575 ACHPR, Resolution on the Human Rights Situation in Central African Republic, ACHPR/Res.243, 14th Extraordinary Session (24 July 2013). 576 AU, Decision on the 19th Activity Report of the ACHPR, Assembly/AU/Dec 101(VI) (January 2006). 133