3.3 Office of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (OSR/CTHB) Introduction In line with the 2003 OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings (THB), its 2005 and 2013 Addenda, as well as the Ministerial Council Decisions No. 2/03 and No. 3/06, the OSR/CTHB is mandated to address all forms of THB. In 2018, the Office continued its efforts to support participating States and Partners for Co-operation in preventing and prosecuting human trafficking, and protecting its victims. A number of research activities, including on the current challenges in addressing THB, was supported by awareness-raising and capacity-building efforts, including training, workshops and innovative live simulation-based exercises. Particular attention was dedicated to situations of increased vulnerability and to vulnerable groups, such as women and children. The OSR/CTHB further developed core programmes around areas of greatest need and potential impact, including human trafficking in migration flows, ending trafficking for labour exploitation, and ICT-facilitated trafficking. The OSR/CTHB co-operates with relevant thematic units in the OSCE Secretariat and field operations to deliver projects and joint activities through its network of Anti-Trafficking Focal Points. This includes close co-operation with TNTD/SPMU on issues of mutual concern, including police-related matters. Activities Related to Threats Posed by Criminal Activity Trafficking in Human Beings & Migrationrelated Crime Since the outbreak of the current migration and refugee crisis, the OSR/CTHB has been closely engaged in assisting the OSCE participating States and Partners for Co-operation to better address migration-related human trafficking challenges in line with OSCE commitments. Building on the findings and recommendations of the Report From Reception to Recognition: Identifying and Protecting Human Trafficking Victims in Mixed Migration Flows - A Focus on First Identification and Reception Facilities for Refugees and Migrants in the OSCE Region published at the end of 2017, the OSR/CTHB organized a series of consultations with antitrafficking stakeholders aimed at developing practical OSCEwide guidelines to facilitate better co-ordinated, harmonized and victim-centred identification of human trafficking cases among mixed migration flows. Throughout 2018, the consultations were conducted in the form of workshops for practitioners, in accordance with the schedule below: 38 - On 28 March, in Skopje, co-organized with the OSCE Presence in Albania, the OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina, the OSCE Mission in Kosovo, the OSCE Mission to Montenegro, the OSCE Mission to Serbia, and the OSCE Mission to Skopje; - On 20 June, in Athens, co-organized with the Office of the National Rapporteur on Trafficking in Human Beings, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece; - On 11 October, in Catania, co-organized with the 2018 OSCE Italian Chairmanship. Around 60 participants participated in the three workshops, including representatives of law enforcement bodies, migration agencies, public social services, civil society and international organizations. The finalized uniform guidelines will be published and promoted by the OSR/CTHB in 2019 to facilitate their adaptation to the respective legislative frameworks of the OSCE participating States affected by the migration crisis. The OSR/CTHB, together with its partners, also continued efforts to translate relevant commitments into practice through its multi-disciplinary and cross-sectoral project on