Detainees can complain to the NHCR during their visits to places of detention. Otherwise, they can also make use of the NCHR’s hotline or complain in person or through relatives. In April 2009 the NCHR and the PSD signed a Memorandum of Understanding regarding further cooperation in the field of complaints of human rights violations and strengthening the role of the NCHR. A complaints hotline was established at the PSD. The Office of Ombudsman (diwan al mathalem) was established in February 2009. (f) The right to legal counsel be legally guaranteed from the moment of arrest The CCP provided that, in the period following the arrest and before being presented to the Public Prosecutor, legal counsel could not be sought. (g) The power to order or approve arrest and supervision of the police and detention facilities of the prosecutors be transferred to independent courts Security services were effectively shielded from independent criminal prosecution and judicial scrutiny as abuses by officials of those services were dealt with by a special court system, which lacked independence and impartiality. (h) All detainees be effectively guaranteed the ability to challenge the lawfulness of the detention before an Articles 121 to 129 CCP guaranteed the right to habeas corpus. They also held that a detainee could challenge a Non-governmental sources: In July 2009 the Bar Association signed a legally non-binding Memorandum of Understanding with the PSD regarding the attendance of lawyers during investigations. The discussion regarding separation of the two authorities was ongoing. Non-governmental sources: There were no developments in this regard. Non-governmental sources: There were no developments in A/HRC/13/39/Add.6 88 the April 2008 events.

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