The Disappearing Trial Country Trial waiver system? Date of adoption 160 Type of trial waiver system Reason for introduction Japan No - - - Jersey Yes Pre-1990 Sentence incentives, charge incentives, fact incentives Unknown Kazakhstan Yes 2010–2016 Sentence incentives To promote efficiency, incentivise cooperation, reduce costs, and save time Kenya Yes 2000–2009 Charge incentives To provide a more moderate means of punishment and to reduce the number of trials Liechtenstein No - - - Lithuania Yes 2000–2009 Cooperation arrangement/ To simplify/modernise the criminal crown witness system justice system Luxembourg Yes 2010–2016 Sentence incentives To reduce costs, reduce the number of trials, save time, and to simplify/modernise the criminal justice system Macedonia Yes 2010–2016 Sentence incentives To promote efficiency, reduce costs, reduce number of trials, save time, and to simplify/ modernise the criminal justice system Madagascar No - - - Malaysia Yes 2010–2016 Sentence incentives, charge incentives To simplify/modernise the criminal justice system Mauritius Yes Pre-1990 Charge incentives, To incentivise cooperation, reduce costs, save cooperation arrangement/ resources, reduce number of trials, and save time crown witness system Mexico Yes 2000–2009 Sentence incentives To provide greater access to justice and greater transparency of the criminal justice system Mongolia No - - - Morocco No - - - Mozambique No - - - Myanmar No - - - Namibia No - - - 160. W  e have used the dates that trial waivers were recognised in legislation or case law, meaning that an informal or unregulated trial waiver system may have existed before the date range identified in the table. 77.