before the coronavirus outbreak (such as on the prevalence of domestic violence), as well as limited sex-disaggregated data collection during the pandemic (unemployment figures disaggregated by sex and sector of the labour market, for example) also obscure the gendered impacts of emergency measures. Only a limited number of gender assessments have been conducted in the OSCE region.9 Because it is not possible to ascertain all relevant details about the consequences of emergency measures in each participating State, specific country examples were chosen that illustrate the most common negative impacts on women for the OSCE region as a whole. This publication complements more extensive monitoring conducted by ODIHR of the impact on democratic institutions and human rights of the emergency measures implemented across the OSCE region.10 9 10 These were carried out by UN Women between April and May 2020 in several countries of the Western Balkans, Central Asia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. ODIHR, “OSCE Human Dimension Commitments and State Responses to the Covid-19 Pandemic”, 17 July 2020, <https://www.osce.org/odihr/human-rights-states-of-emergency-covid19>. 7