Psychiatric facilities 17.The Committee is concerned at reports about the inadequate treatment of mental health patients and poor living conditions in psychiatric institutions, in particular at Accra Psychiatric Hospital. The Committee notes with concern the reports of severe overcrowding, lack of qualified staff and poor material and hygienic conditions in this psychiatric facility. It is also deeply concerned at the situation of persons admitted by reason of a court order, who have allegedly been abandoned for years. In this regard, the Committee notes with interest the information provided by the State party’s delegation on existing proposals for expanding mental health facilities in the country, and on the draft mental health bill before Parliament, which would include an individual complaint system. The Committee is seriously concerned at reports regarding persons remaining in hospital long after they should have been discharged, for lack of appropriate after-care or alternative and secure settings. It takes note of the explanation given by the delegation that efforts to reintegrate persons declared fit faced a number of obstacles, including social stigma, but points out that this can never be held as a reason for not initiating alternative care facilities after hospitalization (art. 16). The State party should: (a) Improve the living conditions of patients in psychiatric institutions; (b) Ensure that no psychiatric confinement takes place unless strictly required , that all persons without full legal capacity are placed under guardianship that genuinely represents them and defends the ir interests, and that an effective judicial review of the lawfulness of the admission and detention of all person s in health institutions takes place in each case; (c) Ensure that all places w h ere mental - health patient s are held for involuntary treatment are visited by independent monitoring bodies to guarantee the proper implementation of the safeguards set out to secure their rights; (d) Alternative forms of treatment, especially community-based treatment, are developed in particular with a view of receiving persons discharged from hospitals. Monitoring and inspection of places of deprivation of liberty 18.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State party that the Auditor General and a number of independent bodies conduct regular inspections of penitentiary institutions. However, and notwithstanding the explanations given by the delegation, the Committee remains concerned at the fact that a visit request made by the non-governmental organization, Amnesty International, in March 2008 was refused by the Ghanaian government due to “unsafe” circumstances (art. 2). The Committee calls upon the State party to establish an effective independent national system to monitor and inspect all places of deprivation of liberty and to follow-up on the outcome of such systematic monitoring. The State party should strengthen its cooperation with , and support to non-governmental organi z ations that undertak e monitoring activities. The Committee recommends that the State party provide detailed information on the place, time and periodicity of visits, including unannounced visits, to places of deprivation of liberty , and on the findings of and action taken on the outcome of such visits. Prompt, thorough and impartial investigations 19.The Committee is concerned about reports of impunity in cases of torture and ill-treatment, including cases of police brutality and excessive use of force. While noting the information provided by the State party on a few highly publicized cases, the Committee remains concerned at the fact that law enforcement officials and military personnel responsible for alleged acts of torture are seldom prosecuted. It is further concerned that the State party was unable to provide information about some of the specific incidents to which the Committee drew attention, and at the lack of statistical data on allegations of torture and ill-treatment and on the results of the investigations undertaken in respect of those allegations. The Committee notes the existence of a proposal to create an independent prosecution service (arts. 12 and 13). The State party should take appropriate measures to ensure that: (a) All allegations of torture or ill-treatment are thoroughly and impartially investigated, perpetrators are duly prosecuted and, if found guilty, convicted to penalties taking into account the grave nature of their acts, and that the victims are adequately compensated, including their full rehabilitation; (b) Clear and reliable data are compiled on acts of torture and ill-treatment in police and prison custody and in other places of deprivation of liberty; (c) All law enforcement officials and military personnel are thoroughly trained in international human rights standards , particularly those contained in the Convention. Refugees and asylum-seekers 20.The Committee notes, based on reports, that due to the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire, over 14,178 Ivorians (including 6,036 children) have sought asylum in the State party since 16 May 2011. Among the new arrivals, are persons who might have been