The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area Participating State Status 2nd Optional ICCPR Protocol Liechtenstein A r r r r r Lithuania A r r r r r Luxembourg A r r r r r Malta A r r r r r ECHR Protocol No. 6 Protocol No. 13 Moldova A r r r r r Monaco A r r r r r Montenegro A r r r r r Netherlands A r r r r r Norway A r r r r r Poland A r s r r s Portugal A r r r r r Romania A r r r r r Russian Federation DA r r s San Marino A r r r r r Serbia A r r r r r Slovak Republic A r r r r r Slovenia A r r r r r Spain A r r r r s Sweden A r r r r r Switzerland A r r r r r Tajikistan DA r n/a n/a n/a Turkey A r r r r r Turkmenistan A r r n/a n/a n/a Ukraine A r r r r r United Kingdom r r r r n/a n/a n/a A r United States of America R r Uzbekistan A r r n/a n/a n/a Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia A r r r r r Notes: r = ratification or accession s = signature only n/a = non-applicable A = abolitionist DA = de facto abolitionist PA = partly abolitionist R = retentionist in bold = developments since last reporting 35