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prison administration to provide them with data on the prison and several
reports from the different types of professionals working there in order to
have a better understanding of the dynamics of the prison. This allows on
one hand the institution to better prepare the visit, but on the other hand
precludes carrying out unannounced visits.
The data from the prison administration, combined with information
from reports from the CPT or other human rights bodies as well as from
NGOs, and the information received from prisoners or their families, can
also help to identify the existence of “grey areas” where informal solitary
confinement is carried out. Some NPMs extract from the file with this
information a summary that they bring with them during the visit. In
addition to the summary, it is common for NPMs (e.g. the Italian NPM)
to use a checklist divided into paragraphs corresponding to the items to
be monitored (conditions of the cells, showers, procedural safeguards,
medical supervision, meaningful contacts, critical events, etc.), with the
indication of the main legal standards next to each item.
Finally, the Danish NPM pointed out that a very good practice is to set up
a diverse team to visit places of deprivation of liberty bringing along legal,
medical, human rights experts and other professionals that can help to
view an issue from different angles.
4.3. The visit138
4.3.1. The immediate visit to isolation sections
Several NPMs explained that they usually start the monitoring visit from
the sections where isolation takes place. In some cases, the delegation
breaks up into two teams: the first one goes immediately to these sections,
while the other team carries out the interview with the director. Other
NPMs, in order to get a picture of all isolated people, even those who are
not formally isolated, ask the director for a list of persons who are held on
their own for 22 hours a day or more.
138. Among the good practices of the NPMs, the guide prepared by the United Kingdom's NPM (for the
various NPM delegations of the country) for the monitoring of solitary confinement should certainly be
included. The guide covers various types of isolation, but specific attention is given to prison isolation.
UK National Preventive Mechanism, Guidance: isolation in detention, 2017, available at: http://www.
nationalpreventivemechanism.org.uk/app/uploads/2017/02/NPM-Isolation-Guidance-FINAL.pdf
Monitoring Solitary Confinement in Prison
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