Institutions for persons with disabilities
and organise their lives just as others can. Ensuring as much independence
as possible for persons with disabilities and the right to decide for themselves
are some of the most important principles of the UN CRPD. The care and
support services provided in institutions must be customised as far as possible
in order for this to be realised. Special attention must be given to rituals and
needs, age, health condition, sexual orientation or language abilities. For
example, it makes an enormous difference if existing abilities and preferred
movement patterns are taken into consideration when moving persons with
physical impairments. The more physical impairments a person has, the more
important the tactile and kinaesthetic interaction when performing everyday
activities (e.g. motion support, conscious motion control and help in using still
existing body tension).
A lot of discipline, empathy and attention are required to allow that the
current physical and mental state of persons with multiple disabilities flows
into their everyday routine. Every nursing action on persons whose ability
to move is actively or passively impaired is an intrusion into their private
and personal space. Boundary violations for reasons of needing help can
easily become a matter of course but are still unacceptable. The commissions
found enough examples of this in the year under review. Rounds on which
physical examinations were performed in the presence of third parties, be they
other residents or their relatives and friends, were criticised as were changing
dressings while the patient was eating or missing protection screens during
personal hygiene, intimate care or excretion.
Occasionally, clients in residential facilities or sheltered workshops complained
that they are not involved in decision-making processes. Decisions are made
only with legal guardians or they are given no opportunity to inspect the
documentation. The way in which everyday behaviour is documented mirrors
the basic attitude of the respective organisational culture. These “unwritten
rules” almost always deviate strongly from official internet presentations
and models. Entries such as “XY is acting up or defiant today, but also wellbehaved, obedient, weepy etc.” that judge behaviour in a derogatory manner
without reference to the relevant situation demonstrate a power gap. For the
NPM, remarks like these are evidence that there can be no mention of the joint
development of rules for living together and communication with and about
each other. When paternalistic fundamental convictions already prevail
towards those who are able to express their dissatisfaction, it can be assumed
that a sensitive approach to dealing with persons who cannot articulate their
discontent is not possible.
As there is no universal “person with disabilities”, “one fits all” concepts are
not compatible with the UN CRPD. In order to cater to the individual person,
customised development and objectives planning should be defined together
regularly (see NPM Report 2016, p. 93 et seq.).
Customised support
necessary
85
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