FINDINGS OF THE MONITORING BY JURISDICTION As a rule, the court did not act in a biased manner in the course of considering these cases. IMPARTIALITY OF THE COURT AND OBSERVANCE OF THE EQUALITY OF ARMS PRINCIPLE IN ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCE CASES 4,4 -5 0 5 CULTURE OF CONDUCTING THE TRIAL The monitors evaluated the general status of observance of ethical norms and communication culture both by the court and the trial participants as impeccable in 77% of administrative offence cases. From the questionnaire of a monitor on an administrative offence case: “The judge did not turn off the sound on her phone and kept receiving messages during the whole hearing”. In 97% of cases the court did not allow rudeness, tactlessness, contempt to the participants of the trial, and demonstrated impeccable conduct. The court did not make any discriminatory comments and actions. In 92% of cases the judge did not get distracted from the hearing and listened to the parties attentively. In 93% of cases the participants of the trial observed ethical norms and due communication culture. CULTURE OF CONDUCTING THE TRIAL IN CASES ON ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCES 4,2 -5 0 5 REASONABLE TIME According to the monitors, in 24% of cases the court hearing started on time or with a delay of no more than 5 minutes. This is the best score among all other cases. However, in 39% of cases in first instance courts the monitors noted delays in the beginning of the hearings from 20-30 minutes up to 4 hours. From the questionnaire of a monitor on an administrative offence case: “The case was scheduled for 09:00, however, the judge heard all the civil and criminal cases scheduled for a later time, and only after finishing the consideration of all the civil and criminal cases scheduled before lunch he started hearing the cases on administrative offences. Accordingly, the participants had to wait in the corridor for more than four hours”. 54 MONITORING OF ADHERENCE TO FAIR TRIAL STANDARDS IN UKRAINE