were, however, derived from its material shortcomings related to, for example,
implementation of specific measures of maintaining order and security, implementation of
disciplinary proceedings, definition of disciplinary violations and many other. Based on the
information collected during the visits and actions taken on complaints of prisoners, our
position is that the implementation of specific measures of maintaining order and security is
insufficiently clearly prescribed, particularly when having in mind that the use and
performance of those measures represents a further restriction of the rights of prisoners. For
instance, implementation of the specific measure of maintaining order and security placement in a specially secured room devoid of dangerous objects, is prescribed in just one
paragraph, which neither prescribes the purpose of implementing this measure nor makes it
clear whether the measure is implemented for security or medical reasons and whether it is
punitive or preventive in character. Therefore, it happens in practice that the measure of
placement in a specially secured room devoid of dangerous objects is imposed on a prisoner
who threatened to commit suicide, which is considered to be absolutely unacceptable.
Additionally, despite the fact that the EPSA prescribes that placement in a specially secured
room devoid of dangerous objects may not exceed 48 hours at a time, it is unclear in practice
what should be the minimum time limit in which the measure could be re-imposed.
Likewise, when unequal treatment and unclear legal definition of the types, purpose and
reasons for imposing a specific measure of maintaining order and security are concerned, the
data collected during our visits in 2013 points to significant differences in the implementation
of measures between individual institutions in the prison system. This statement is best
illustrated by comparing the data on the implementation of measures in Zagreb County Prison
and Lepoglava State Prison, the two high security penal institutions with the largest number of
prisoners. According to the data delivered by the Central Office, in 2013 a total of 363
specific measures of maintaining order and security were implemented in Lepoglava State
Prison (which on 31 December 2013 had 735 prisoners), while in the same period not a single
measure was implemented in Zagreb County Prison (which on 31 December 2013 had 881
persons deprived of liberty, i.e. 146 more than in Lepoglava State Prison). As much as we
tried, it was really hard to find a logical reason for such a difference in the number of
implemented specific measures between the two largest penal institutions in the Republic of
Croatia, and we have to emphasize that it sounds quite unbelievable that during the entire
2013 not a single measure was implemented in Zagreb County Prison, that is, there was not a
single case of, for example, imposing a measure of enhanced supervision or handcuffing.
Moreover, according to the data collected by inspecting the Register of specific measures of
maintaining order and security, in the course of 2012 a total of 68 measures were
implemented in Zagreb County Prison. These data may be interpreted in more ways than one,
but it would be surely detrimental if they pointed to arbitrariness. As a consequence, our
position is that the improvement of the legal framework and clear legal definition of the
criteria for imposing individual measures, particularly those that additionally restrict the rights
of persons deprived of their liberty, would significantly contribute to a more equal treatment
and thus to the strengthening of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty.
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