E/CN.4/1995/111 page 5 in which human rights violations occurred, as well as on the legal and institutional background and addressed specific recommendations to the Government. 10. The visit by the then Special Rapporteur on summary or arbitrary executions, Mr. Amos Wako, took place in October 1989. He submitted a report on that visit to the Commission on Human Rights at its forty-sixth session (E/CN.4/1990/22/Add.1), which contained an analysis of violations of the right to life in the context of the violence then prevailing, statistical information received, a description of specific massacres, those sectors of the population that were particularly vulnerable, the Government’s counter-insurgency campaign and its repercussions on the civilian population, an assessment of action taken by the Government, as well as conclusions and recommendations focusing on the following areas of principal concern: violations of the right to life by paramilitary groups operating in close cooperation with the armed forces and the police; the impunity of members of paramilitary groups and security forces responsible for such violations, as well as grave shortcomings within the administration of justice which contributed to the phenomenon of impunity; and social injustice particularly affecting peasants and workers (E/CN.4/1990/22/Add.1, paras. 60-74). A number of significant developments have taken place since then. 11. Under the administration of President Gaviria (1990-1994), peace agreements were concluded with four armed insurgent movements comprising approximately 3,500 combatants. Thus, in 1990 and 1991, the M-19 Movement, a faction of the Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (Popular Liberation Army) which turned into the political movement Esperanza, Paz y Libertad (Hope, Peace and Freedom), the Partido Revolucionario de Trabajadores (PRT) (Revolutionary Workers’ Party) and the Quintín Lamé group, laid down their arms and formed the political movement Alianza Democrática/M-19 (Democratic Alliance/M-19). On 9 April 1994, a peace agreement was concluded with the Corriente de Renovación Socialista, a dissident faction of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) (National Liberation Army). However, negotiations with the Coordinadora guerrillera "Simón Bolívar" composed of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), the ELN and the EPL, broke down in 1992, leading to renewed violence. Furthermore, attempts at the reinsertion into civilian life of ex-combatants eligible for amnesty under the terms of these agreements have not always been successful: thus, a group of former combatants of the demobilized M-19 have reportedly reunited in 1994 and formed the Comando Jaime Cañón. 12. In response to the continuing problem of violence in Colombia, President Gaviria’s National Strategy against Violence, first formulated in 1991, emphasized the use of force for the repression of violence directed against the State. A number of measures, such as the establishment of internal control mechanisms within State institutions and the strengthening of the Regional Justice system (see paras. 13 and 14 below) should counter human rights violations by members of the security forces. In this connection, chapter II below examines the impact of the continued armed conflict between the insurgents and the security forces on the situation of human rights and its particularly negative effect on the civilian population.