establishment no. 17, where the so-called barrack-type dormitories remain operational. In such dormitories, smoking and non-smoking prisoners stay in the same area and it is difficult to maintain hygiene standards; the risk of spreading contagious diseases is also high in such establishments. Besides, such establishments pose additional challenges in terms of security, as there is a higher risk of conflict among prisoners due to the lack of personal space. Video Recording as One of the Effective Means for Identifying Torture and Ill-Treatment Video recording19 is a significant means of storing evidence that contributes to fighting impunity, increasing the personnel’s accountability and preventing torture and other ill-treatment. The Public Defender welcomes amending order no. 3520 and determining the term of storage of video recordings for no less than 30 days. Moreover, the amendments provide for different terms of enforcement of the obligation of storing video recordings for no less than 30 days by different establishments.21 Rehabilitation as a Means of Correction of Prisoners’ Behaviour, Reduction of the Influence of the Criminal Subculture and Violent Incidents, and Preventing Ill-Treatment The following remains to be significant challenges in penitentiary establishments: inter-prisoner violence, taking effective measures against the influence of the prison’s criminal subculture and maintaining order, which among other factors are caused by the shortage of rehabilitation and resocialisation activities in penitentiary establishments. Against the background of the lack of rehabilitation programmes, the Public Defender welcomes the fulfilment of the recommendation and the implementation in semi-open prison facilities of the rehabilitation programmes previously implemented in low-risk prison facilities; also, the implementation of some of the rehabilitation programmes of the semi-open prison facilities in the closed-type prison facilities. Among other efforts, the implementation in the special-risk prison facilities of several programmes implemented in 2017 in the closed-type prison facilities is positively 19 This recommendation was reflected in the Resolution of the Parliament of Georgia on the 2017 Report of the Public Defender of Georgia on the Situation of Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in Georgia. Under the resolution, no less than 7 days had to be determined as the reasonable term of storage of video recordings. 20 The Procedure on Surveillance and Control through Visual and/or Electronic means, as well as the Storage, Deleting and Destroying of the Recordings as approved by Order no. 35 of 19 May 2015 of the Minister of Corrections and Probation of Georgia, available at: https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/2823755?publication=4, (accessed 13.06.19). 21 To be enforced in penitentiary establishment no. 8 from 1 July 2019; to be enforced in penitentiary establishments nos. 2 and 15 from 1 October 2019; to be enforced in penitentiary establishment no. 12 from 1 February 2020; to be enforced in penitentiary establishments nos. 7, 9, 17 and 19 from 1 July 2020; to be enforced in penitentiary establishments nos. 5 and 6 from 1 October 2020; to be enforced in penitentiary establishments nos. 3, 11, 14, 16 and 18 from 1 January 2021. Order no. 403 of the Minister of Justice of Georgia of 13 May 2019, available at: https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/4561590?publication=0, (accessed 13.06.19). 15