Detention or imprisonment of children shall be an extreme measure of last resort, and detention shall be for the shortest possible time Children shall be separated from adult detainees Detained children shall receive visits and correspondence from family members A minimum age for criminal responsibility shall be established Non-judicial proceedings and alternatives to institutional care shall be provided for The child’s privacy shall be respected, and complete and secure records are to be maintained and kept confidential The use of physical restraints and force on children shall be exceptional, employed only when all other control measures have been exhausted and failed, and shall be employed for the shortest possible time Weapons shall not be carried in juvenile institutions Discipline shall respect the child’s dignity, and shall instil a sense of justice, self-respect and respect for human rights in the child Officials dealing with juveniles shall be specially trained and personally suited for that purpose Periodic as well as unannounced visits of inspectors to juvenile facilities shall be provided for 39