23 Selected topics from 2015 The role of health personnel in treating people who are deprived of their liberty The treatment of people who are deprived of their liberty can create particular challenges for doctors and other health personnel. This article discusses medical ethics, dual loyalty and the vulnerable doctor-patient relationship during deprivation of liberty. People who are deprived of their liberty have the same rights to physical and mental health care as the rest of the population. In some cases, however, they may have special health care needs. The deprivation of liberty in itself and the health services provided can represent risk factors for ill-treatment. In order to ensure a good health care basis for the NPM’s work, the interdisciplinary visiting team includes a doctor, and, from 2016, a psychologist. Every visit report includes a section on health care, with findings and recommendations aimed at both the health authorities and the detaining authority. Reports from visits to mental health care institutions also look at what effect it has on the conditions for those deprived of their liberty that the detaining authority is also the health authority. Medical ethics Ethical rules for doctors derive from the Hippocratic Oath, and are incorporated in Norwegian legislation and international human rights conventions. These ethical principles are based on the idea that a doctor primarily has a responsibility to his/her patients (from the Hippocratic Oath), but also to the general welfare of society, to other health personnel and to him/her self. Medical ethics are based on values such as autonomy (the patient has the right to choose or refuse treatment), beneficence (the doctor should have the patient’s best interests in mind), non-maleficence (based on the principle ’first, do not harm’) and justice (fairness and equal treatment in the allocation of limited resources). " The deprivation of liberty in itself and the health services provided can represent risk factors for ill-treatment "