CAT/C/RWA/CO/2 (c) Ensure that the judiciary continues to monitor the need for and the length of pretrial detention, and provide compensation to victims of unjustified pretrial detention. Detention conditions 26. While welcoming the general improvement of prison conditions through the construction of new facilities and the renovation of the remaining ones, as well as through the establishment of the “prison watch system”, the Committee notes with concern that the number of prison staff and medical professionals is still insufficient, as is access to an adequate quantity and quality of food and water. It is also concerned over reports that children in conflict with the law are not separated from adults in several police stations and pretrial facilities and in prisons, although the separation is compulsory by law. The Committee regrets the State party’s failure to provide disaggregated data on the capacity and occupancy rates of all places of detention (arts. 2, 11 and 16). 27. The Committee recommends that the State party continue its efforts to bring the conditions of detention in police stations and prisons into conformity with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules). In particular, the State party should: (a) Ensure that detainees are provided with a sufficient quantity and quality of food and water, adequate sanitation and hygienic conditions and that a sufficient number of prison staff and health professionals is deployed in the facilities; (b) Ensure the strict separation of juveniles from adults and pretrial detainees from convicted detainees in all detention facilities; (c) Avoid detaining minors in conflict with the law and ensure that they are deprived of their liberty only as a last resort and for as short a period of time as possible, in accordance with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules). Disciplinary sanctions in places of detention 28. The Committee takes note that the Instructions of the Commissioner General of Prisons of 2015 establish procedures for handling acts of serious misconduct inside prisons and limit the imposition of solitary confinement to a maximum period of 15 days. It is, however, concerned by reports indicating that prison staff often resort to beatings as a form of punishment and that solitary confinement is frequently imposed for up to 30 days (arts. 11 and 16). 29. The State party should monitor disciplinary practices inside prisons and ensure that they are in line with international standards, especially rules 36 to 46 of the Nelson Mandela Rules. In particular, it should ensure that: (a) Corporal punishment is strictly prohibited; (b) Solitary confinement is used only as a last resort, for as short a time as possible and never for periods in excess of 15 consecutive days, and subject to strict judicial oversight and control; (c) Due process rights are always observed in disciplinary proceedings against detainees; (d) Any official who fails to respect these rules is subjected to the appropriate criminal and/or disciplinary sanctions. Detention and ill-treatment in “transit” and “rehabilitation” centres 30. The Committee is concerned at the extended use of administrative detention in “transit” and “rehabilitation” centres, where persons suspected of prostitution, drug addiction or petty crime and homeless people are arbitrarily detained for prolonged periods of time and without judicial process. While noting the recent adoption of Law No. 17/2017, which defines these centres as premises to educate persons exhibiting “deviant behaviours”, 7