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Case File No. 002/19-09-2007/ECCC/TC
E313
ROCHOEM Ton alias PHY Phuon did not recall KHIEU Samphan being present,
KHIEU Samphan himself stated that he had attended the 1971 Party Congress and
that he became a candidate member of the Central Committee in 1971.258 The
Congress ratified the change in party name from Worker’s Party of Cambodia to the
CPK, and created the Special Zone encompassing Phnom Penh and controlled by
VORN Vet.259 It reiterated the Party’s strategic lines adopted at the 1st and 2nd
Congresses.260
3.2. Sihanouk’s Overthrow and the Creation of FUNK and GRUNK
96.
By 1969 the economy in Cambodia was flagging and there was uncertainty as
to whether it would be dragged into the war in Vietnam despite Sihanouk’s official
policy of neutrality.261 From 1969, American bombings in Cambodia served to push
North-Vietnamese troops further into Cambodia which heightened the crisis.262 On 12
March 1970, while NORODOM Sihanouk was in Paris, the Vice-President of South
Vietnam, NGUYEN Cao Ky, secretly visited Phnom Penh and formed an alliance
with Prime Minister LON Nol.263
97.
Encouraged by his Deputy SIRIK Matak, on 18 March 1970, LON Nol signed
a decree approving the overthrow of NORODOM Sihanouk who was in Moscow and
on his way to Beijing at the time.264 The same day, the Cambodian National Assembly
approved a vote of no confidence in NORODOM Sihanouk and required that he
258
T. 26 July 2012 (ROCHOEM Ton alias PHY Phuon), p. 34; Book by KHIEU S.: Considerations
on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the Period of Democratic Kampuchea, E3/16, p.
76, ERN (En) 00498295; T. 13 December 2011 (KHIEU Samphan), p. 92; KHIEU Samphan Interview
Record, E3/27, 13 December 2007, p. 11, ERN (En) 00156751.
259
Book by KHIEU S.: Considerations on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the
Period of Democratic Kampuchea, E3/16, pp. 76-77, ERN (En) 00498295-96; T. 5 December 2011
(NUON Chea), pp. 15-16, 69-70.
260
Revolutionary Flag, E169/4/1.1.2, Dec 1975-Jan 1976, p. 14, ERN (En) 00865704.
261
Book by P. SHORT: Pol Pot: The History of a Nightmare, E3/9, 2004, pp. 185-187, ERN (En)
00396385-87.
262
Book by P. SHORT: Pol Pot: The History of a Nightmare, E3/9, 2004, p. 185, ERN (En)
00396385; Book by W. SHAWCROSS: Sideshow: Kissinger, Nixon and the Destruction of Cambodia
E3/88, pp. 67-68, ERN (En) 00429754-55; See Section 3: Historical Background, paras 153-156.
263
Book by P. SHORT: Pol Pot: The History of a Nightmare, E3/9, 2004, pp. 195-196, ERN (En)
00396395-96.
264
Book by P. SHORT: Pol Pot: The History of a Nightmare, E3/9, 2004, p. 197, ERN (En)
00396397 (“Sihanouk was told [of the coup] in Moscow by Premier Alexei Kosygin as they were
driving to the airport for his departure to Beijing”); Norodom Sihanouk Declaration, E3/1756, 23
March 1970, ERN (En) 00852373; Book by E. BECKER: When the War was Over: Cambodia and the
Khmer Rouge Revolution, E3/20, 1986, pp. 115-117, ERN (En) 00237820-22.
Case 002/01, Judgement, 7 August 2014 - Public
51
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