01005666 Case File No. 002/19-09-2007/ECCC/TC E313 15. THE CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF NUON CHEA.................................................... 491 15.1. KNOWLEDGE RELEVANT TO THE MODES OF LIABILITY ..................................................... 491 15.1.1. Awareness of the Substantial Likelihood of the Commission of the Crimes ............ 493 15.1.2. Knowledge Concurrent with the Commission of the Crimes ................................... 496 15.1.3. Knowledge Arising After the Commission of the Crimes ......................................... 499 15.2. THE ZONES’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES COMMITTED .................................................... 500 15.3. COMMISSION THROUGH A JOINT CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE ................................................... 501 15.3.1. Contribution ............................................................................................................. 501 15.3.2. Intent ........................................................................................................................ 507 15.3.3. Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 508 15.4. OTHER MODES OF LIABILITY .............................................................................................. 508 15.4.1. Crimes Committed During Movement of Population (Phase One) .......................... 508 15.4.2. Crimes Committed During Movement of Population (Phase Two).......................... 516 15.4.3. Crimes Committed at Tuol Po Chrey ....................................................................... 523 15.5. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................... 532 16. THE CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF KHIEU SAMPHAN ......................................... 534 16.1. KNOWLEDGE RELEVANT TO THE MODES OF LIABILITY ..................................................... 534 16.1.1. Awareness of the Substantial Likelihood of the Commission of the Crimes ............ 536 16.1.2. Knowledge Concurrent with the Commission of the Crimes ................................... 539 16.1.3. Knowledge Arising after the Commission of the Crimes ......................................... 541 16.2. COMMISSION THROUGH A JOINT CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE ................................................... 542 16.2.1. Contribution ............................................................................................................. 542 16.2.2. Intent ........................................................................................................................ 554 16.2.3. Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 556 16.3. OTHER MODES OF LIABILITY ............................................................................................. 556 16.3.1. Crimes Committed During Movement of Population (Phase One) .......................... 556 16.3.2. Crimes Committed During Movement of Population (Phase Two).......................... 566 16.3.3. Crimes Committed at Tuol Po Chrey ....................................................................... 572 16.4. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................... 578 17. CUMULATIVE CONVICTIONS ........................................................................................... 579 18. SENTENCING .......................................................................................................................... 581 18.1. SUBMISSIONS ..................................................................................................................... 581 18.2. APPLICABLE LAW ............................................................................................................... 582 18.2.1. ECCC provisions and sentencing framework .......................................................... 582 18.2.2. Relevant sentencing principles and factors.............................................................. 583 18.2.3. The effect of multiple convictions upon sentence ..................................................... 585 18.3. FINDINGS............................................................................................................................ 586 18.3.1. Gravity of the crimes ................................................................................................ 586 18.3.2. Aggravating factors ................................................................................................. 588 18.3.3. Mitigating factors .................................................................................................... 590 18.3.4. Character witnesses ................................................................................................. 593 18.3.5. Sentence ................................................................................................................... 595 19. CIVIL PARTY REPARATIONS ............................................................................................ 597 19.1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 597 19.2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................................... 599 19.3. CIVIL PARTY REQUESTS ..................................................................................................... 602 19.3.1. Project 1: National Remembrance Day ................................................................... 604 19.3.2. Project 2: Public Memorials Initiative .................................................................... 605 19.3.3. Project 3: Construction of a memorial in Phnom Penh to honour the victims of forced evacuations ............................................................................................................. 606 19.3.4. Project 4: Construction of a memorial to Cambodian victims living in France ...... 606 19.3.5. Project 5: Testimonial Therapy ............................................................................... 607 19.3.6. Project 6: Self-Help Groups .................................................................................... 608 19.3.7. Project 7: Permanent Exhibition ............................................................................. 608 Case 002/01, Judgement, 7 August 2014 - Public v