CAT/C/TJK/CO/3 Procedure prohibiting the extradition of a person if there is evidence to suggest that he or she might be tortured, the Committee is concerned that the State party did not provide information it requested on the number of individuals deported from its territory, particularly to Afghanistan, since 2012. It is also concerned at reports it has received stating that individuals who have been deported to Afghanistan have not benefited from a refugee status determination procedure that could assess whether they face a risk of torture upon return. The Committee is further concerned at reports that its legislation presently provides that refugees who violate its laws concerning border crossing or the residence restrictions imposed on asylum seekers and refugees under resolutions 325 (2000) and 328 (2004), which list settlement areas in Tajikistan where temporary residence is prohibited to them, may face revocation of the refugee status they have been granted and expulsion from the country. It is concerned that members of the Hazara ethnic group from Afghanistan have been particularly singled out by the authorities and targeted for deportation (arts. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 16). 30. The State party should: (a) Refrain from expelling, deporting, returning or extraditing any individual at risk of being subjected to torture upon return; (b) Ensure that all individuals subject to expulsion, deportation, return or extradition have an opportunity for effective and impartial review by an independent decision-making mechanism of claims that they are at risk of being subjected to torture, and that the decisions of such a body have suspensive effect; (c) Consider revising its legislation, especially resolutions 325 and 328, exempt asylum seekers from criminal responsibility for border crossing and penalties for violating residence restrictions that result in revocation of refugee status and deportation, in line with the provisions of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, of 1951, and resume cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; (d) Undertake prompt, effective investigations into allegations of illtreatment of refugees and asylum seekers by State Committee for National Security agents, including discriminatory targeting of Hazara refugees from Afghanistan for deportation, and hold perpetrators accountable; (e) Provide data and statistics in its next periodic report on the number of individuals deported from its territory. Training 31. The Committee is concerned that training on the provisions of the Convention, and in particular on the absolute prohibition of torture, is not mandatory for law enforcement officials, prison staff, judges, prosecutors, court officials, lawyers and military personnel (art. 10). 32. The State party should ensure that training on the provisions of the Convention and on the absolute prohibition of torture should be mandatory for law enforcement officials, prison staff, judges, prosecutors, court officials, lawyers and military personnel. In addition, law enforcement officials should receive training on noncoercive investigation techniques, on the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials and on the Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. The State party should develop methodologies to assess the impact of these training programmes and adjust them in conformity with the professional training needs of the above-mentioned officials. Conditions of detention 33. While noting the improvements made during the period under review in places of deprivation of liberty, the Committee is concerned that conditions of detention — such as overcrowding, and inadequate material conditions of detention, including adequate food and drinking water, heating, ventilation, and sanitary and hygiene facilities, as well as treatment for transmissible diseases, and meaningful activities and outdoor exercise — do 8