detainees (see also NPM Report 2014, p. 83 et seq.). For example, the tight personnel situation continues to be the greatest structural barrier in the Vienna-Josefstadt correctional institution. The personnel shortage continues and has an adverse effect on the prison regime and on the employees of the correctional institution. The frustration in this regard could be clearly sensed by the visiting delegation. It is particularly worth criticising that no improvements have been noted despite the fact that the NPM has repeatedly drawn attention to the problem of the tight personnel situation and the resulting negative effects on the detainees. The NPM also heard complaints from detainees regarding the lengthy lock-up times and inadequate activities in the Wiener Neustadt correctional institution. Detainees, also those in the infirmary or on remand, have complained that they are confined to their cells for 23 hours per day. During a visit to the Garsten correctional institution, the NPM also reaffirmed its demand to reduce lock-up times. Rigid lock-up times Although the workshops in the Klagenfurt correctional institution are at full capacity and are never closed for the day, the employment rate is only 55% to 60% at a maximum. The number of employed detainees cannot be increased due to the lack of space. Low employment rate The NPM also points out the early lock-up times on weekends for juveniles in the Innsbruck and Graz-Jakomini correctional institutions. On weekends (from Friday to Sunday), juvenile detainees are locked up at 3:00 p.m. This situation is very unsatisfactory. Moreover, few or no activities or employment programmes are offered on these days. Juveniles are locked up early on weekends However, the Federal Ministry of Justice argued that there was a shortage of personnel and stated that the situation could only be overcome through shorter working hours and the temporary closing of business workshops. Nevertheless, the Federal Ministry of Justice gave its assurance that the prison administration is endeavouring to expand and improve the work and employment situation for detained persons in correctional institutions in question. Moreover, the Federal Ministry of Justice replied that – in response to the deplorable incidents at the Vienna-Josefstadt correctional institution in 2013 – the weekend lock-up time in the juvenile sections had already been moved from 12:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. without additional resources. It was not possible to further move the lock-up time to 5:00 p.m. without additional personnel. No further leeway without additional personnel On 1 November 2015, a four-month-long test run of modified working hours began in order to relieve the tight staff situation at the ViennaJosefstadt correctional institution. After evaluating the test run, a decision will be made on whether to introduce new working hours. In this regard, it can also be reported that, according to of the Federal Ministry of Justice, the pilot project to utilise employees of the craftsman service (see NPM Report 2014, pp. 85 et seq.) has led to a Results of the pilot project using appropriately skilled 107