Reflections: Where are we now as a movement? What are other stakeholders doing to implement the right to rehabilitation? States undergoing transitional justice processes: state-led initiatives for reform and rehabilitation. Important opportunity for civil society but should not be naïve State actively supports the rehabilitation of torture victims: state-led initiatives in partnership with NGOs. However, important rights may be eroded over time Minimum availability of services Limited availability of services Greatly increased availability of rehabilitation initiatives, at least for a limited time. Importance of legislation including rehabilitation measures Yes, but problems with adequate identification and referrals Often strong communitybased systems emerge to protect and support people. But no referral possibilities for more severe cases and no possibilities for satisfaction or guarantees of non-repetition NGO services may be appropriate but limited. Services through state agencies are limited in quality and quantity, offered to general population, may focus on medical rehabilitation and have limited access to community structures and processes. Few possibilities for satisfaction or guarantees of non-repetition Potential for highly appropriate rehabilitation, including opportunities for compensation, satisfaction, changes to social/political factors that enabled torture Comprehensive, but only at top levels, medicalization of problems. Working with refugee populations so little opportunity for social change, satisfaction, etc. Very low, unsafe, long distances Issues around safety in state facilities, language, minority groups may find it difficult to access services Increased accessibility although some groups may be disadvantaged e.g. through inclusion/ exclusion criteria or discrimination Open, safe but sometimes unreachable. State agents may disable recovery environment Accessibility Context State agencies use torture to extract confessions, to control prisoners, patients, etc., but not in systematic fashion: NGOs leading state through policy and legislative development, awareness campaigns, training of personnel, etc. Availability Mr Rauno Merisaari (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Finland) gave an overview of the challenges his government faces in supporting the rehabilitation of torture victims. In Finland, two rehabilitation centres, supported with funding from the Ministry of Social Care and Health, offer support to asylum-seekers. The Finnish government gives small grants to local Appropriateness Mr Craig Higson-Smith (Center for Victims of Torture, USA), Dr Nimisha Patel, Dr Lutz Oette and Dr Paul Bolton reflected on the key findings from each of the parallel workshops, providing an overview of where we are as a movement with reference to the key elements in the right to rehabilitation framework. Mr Higson-Smith set out a sliding scale of possible benchmark indicators according to the degree of torture taking place in a country. 20 State systematically and actively uses torture to control population and those supporting torture victims: the question of state-led versus NGO-led services is meaningless International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims