- 53 law does not contain a definition of torture in keeping with article 1 of the Convention. Above all, neither torture nor cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment are identified as specific crimes and offences in domestic criminal law. 107. The Committee also records its concern at the following: (a) The allegation that some foreigners have been expelled or sent back to a country with which they have no significant ties, on the basis, inter alia, of linguistic criteria which are sometimes unsystematic, unreliable, and could lead to a breach of article 3 of the Convention; (b) The Special Control of Foreigners Act, known as the anti-terrorism law, allows foreigners suspected of terrorism to be expelled under a procedure which might not be in keeping with the Convention, because there is no provision for appeal; (c) Several cases of the excessive use of force by police personnel and prison guards, leading to the death of the persons concerned, have occurred in recent years in Sweden. In addition, the year 2001 was marked by the Göteborg riots, following which many complaints of ill-treatment were made; (d) Allegations of imprecise, often subjective and inadequate guidelines and lack of training given to police personnel and prison guards regarding the use of force; (e) Although the periodic report claims that statements obtained under duress cannot be used as evidence in proceedings, there seems to be no legislative rule which clearly spells out such a prohibition. D. Recommendations 108. The Committee recommends that the State party should: (a) Incorporate in its domestic law the definition of torture set out in article 1 of the Convention, and should characterize acts of torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment as specific crimes, punishable by appropriate sanctions; (b) Ensure that if foreigners are sent back, they are expelled to a country of their choice, or a country with which they have real ties and where there is no substantial ground for believing that they would be in danger of being subjected to torture; (c) Bring the Special Control of Foreigners Act into line with the Convention; (d) Strengthen the machinery for following up the guarantees of proper treatment offered by States to which foreigners are expelled; (e) Undertake more comprehensive and detailed investigations into the human rights situation in the countries of origin of asylum-seekers;