Travel Document Security On 17-26 April, the TNTD/ATU organized a ten-day training course for 20 Afghan and Tajik Border officials on “Enhancing Operational Awareness to Detect Forged Documents” delivered at the OSCE Border Management Staff College (BMSC) in Dushanbe. The intensive training course was facilitated by two trainers from the Austrian Ministry of the Interior (BMI) employing training material that has been developed by the BMI in coordination with the TNTD/ATU and the TNTD/BU. The objective of the training was to equip trainees with the necessary skills to detect forged documents, which in turn they will further disseminate within their structures as national trainers. The course consisted of theoretical sessions complemented by practical sessions on forensic techniques, and how to detect forged documents using examination kits that were donated to the participants. The overall goal of the training was to increase the number of forged documents seized in Tajikistan and Afghanistan, thereby impacting positively on wider efforts to combat transnational threats. From 4-6 July, the TNTD/ATU held discussions to strengthen Travel Document Security and access to INTERPOL databases in Chisinau. The TNTD/ATU and the OSCE Mission to Moldova conducted bilateral meetings with the Moldovan counterparts from the INTERPOL National Central Bureau, the Travel Document Issuing Authority, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, including the Consular Department, the Border Police and the Customs Service. Topics discussed included reviewing the progress of a 2010 OSCE/ATU project that facilitated real-time connection to INTERPOL databases at border control points; identity management for passport and visa issuance; motor vehicle inspection; and the improvement of interagency data sharing modalities. In order to share information and co-ordinate potential future projects, additional meetings were held with the Norwegian Rule of Law Mission (NORLAM), the European Union (EU), the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) and UNHCR. From 27-29 August, the TNTD/ATU and the Office in Tajikistan conducted bilateral meetings and a concluding round table discussion with a number of Tajik Government Agencies to review the progress made in the area of Travel Document Security. The bilateral meetings were held with Border Troops of the State National Security Committee, the Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, the INTERPOL National Central Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA), the MIA’s Office of Visa and Registration, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Consular Department and the Prosecutor General’s Office. All of these agencies were then invited to a concluding round table discussion, held on 29 August at the OSCE BMSC in Dushanbe. Countering the Use of the Internet for Terrorism Purposes In 2012, the TNTD/ATU conducted four online expert forum discussions on: - “The Internet used as tactical facilitator by terrorists” (21-25 May); “Terrorist abuse of social networking tools” (2-6 July); “Right wing extremist/terrorist use of the Internet” (17-21 September); and “Effective public private partnerships to counter terrorist use of the Internet” (8-12 October). Overall, 140 experts participated in these events representing national authorities of participating States, civil society organizations, academia and the business community. Experts contributed to discussions with over 164 posts tackling and shedding light on key discourses in this field, offering potential solutions, showcasing national good practices and relevant international initiatives as well as offering their views on areas in which the OSCE could get more involved by building on its comparative advantages. A consolidated report highlighted the conclusions and main themes of the online forums and proposed potential follow-up areas for the OSCE. 34