Compendium of Standards, Good Practices and Recommendations Good Practices and Recommendations » Constitutional rules or laws should clearly identify the organs responsible for exercising control and oversight of the armed forces, as well as the acts or issues under their control and the mechanisms to achieve it. » Control mechanisms should be established both within the military and by the executive, the parliament, the judiciary and independent bodies working to ensure democratic control, respect for the rule of law and the protection of human rights. Such control should be both pro-active (aimed at identifying and preventing potential issues) and reactive (in investigating and addressing any problems that have already occurred). » Oversight organs should always act in line with international standards and guidelines. » Legislation concerning the armed forces should be consistent with international standards, be clear, precise and non-discriminatory, and constrain the abuse of discretion. Further reading Council of Europe, “Committee of Ministers Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)4 on the Human Rights of Members of the Armed Forces”, 24 February 2010, https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/ result_details.aspx?ObjectId=09000016805cf8ef. DCAF/Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector: Principles, Mechanisms and Practices (Geneva: DCAF/IPU, 2003), http://archive.ipu.org/PDF/ publications/decaf-e.pdf. European Parliament Office for the Promotion of Parliamentary Democracy, Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector (Brussels: European Parliament, 2013), https://www.dcaf.ch/ sites/default/files/publications/documents/EP_Parliamentary_Oversight_Security_Sector_2013_ BOH.pdf. Victor-Yves Ghebali, The OSCE Code of conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security: A Paragraph by Paragraph Analysis (Geneva: DCAF, 2003), https://www.dcaf.ch/sites/default/ files/publications/documents/dd03_ghebali_osce-code_EN.pdf. 73