Human Rights of Armed Forces Personnel Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations and Acronyms 14 Foreword 16 Chapter 1: Introduction 18 The Importance of Human Rights of Armed Forces Personnel 19 How to Use This Compendium 22 Objectives 23 Scope 23 Human rights 23 Armed forces 23 Armed forces personnel 24 Methodology Revision of the 2008 handbook 25 25 ODIHR-DCAF questionnaire 25 Authorship 26 Expert review 26 Chapter 2: OSCE Commitments 28 The Nature and Status of OSCE Commitments on Human Rights 28 OSCE Monitoring and Implementation Mechanisms 29 Relevant OSCE Commitments 30 OSCE Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Aspects of Security: Key Features 34 Further reading 36 Chapter 3: International Human Rights Law 37 Introduction: Issues at Stake 37 International Human Rights Standards 40 Reservations, derogations and limitations 45 Domestic implementation 48 International compliance mechanisms 49 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 51 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 52 International Labour Conventions 52 European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) 53 Fundamental rights under European Union law 54 Good Practices and Recommendations 55 Further reading 56 Chapter 4: National Protections for the Human Rights of Armed Forces Personnel Introduction: Issues at Stake 8 7 57 57 Constitutional provisions 57 The scope of defence legislation 62