Involuntary Disappaarances of the United Nation6 Commission on Human Rights. The Saharan population’s identity documents were absolutely identical to thoee With regard to individuals’ responsibility for di66enting of other Moroccans. opinions, the representative explained that in Morocco there were only three the monarchic major principle6 that were not open to challenge of any kind: system, the fact that Islam was the State religion, and territorial integrity; if an individual deliberately challenged those principles he placed himself beyond the pale of his own society and had to assume responsibility for his declarations or acts. 241. With reference to that issue, member6 of the Committee wished to know what legal provisions existed, in addition to article 35 of the Constitution, in respect of the introduction and administration of a state of emergency, and to what extent such provisions, as well as article 35 of the Constitution itself, were deemed to be compatible with article 4, paragraph 2, of the Covenantr under what circumstances the state of siege could be proclaimedr whether in an emergency the King could assume both legislative and executive powers by decree and, if 60, what procedures would apply; whether there was any way in which the judiciary or legislature could counterbalance the King's decision; and whether there were any provisions of law governing the duration of a state of emergency. 242. In reply, the representative noted that Morocco had no legal provisions governing states of exception beyond article 35 of the Constitution, which provided that “when the integrity of the national territory is threatened or events occur which are likely to imperil the functioning of constitutional institutions, the King may, after consulting the President of the Chamber of Representatives and addressing a message to the nation, issue a dahir proclaiming a state of exception". A state of siege was proclaimed with the consent of the Legislative Assembly. Initially, it could not last longer' than 30 days and, if circumstances and the situation in the country so required, it The administrative could then be extended only by an act of Parliament. authorities were not authorised to take provisional measures restricting individual freedoms. Civil power6 could not be transferred to the military authorities and no special COUrtS could be set up. No internal conflict calling for the imposition of a state of emergency or state of siege had arisen in Morocco. 243. In connection with that issue, members of the Committee asked whether an alien husband of a Moroccan woman was eligible for Moroccan citizenship on the same basis as a foreign womanmarried to a Moroccan husband: what was the basis for the different treatment under Moroccan law of men and women in respect of their capacity to transmit Moroccan nationality automatically to children born outside the country: what distinctions existed’between men and women under the inheritance lawsj and in which respect were the right6 of aliens rectricted as compared with those of citizens. 244. In addition, members of the Committee wished to know under what conditions women could join trade unions; whether a woman could obtain a passport without the authorization of her husband or, if she was not married, -6O-