Endnotes 1 Indig, D., Gear, C., Wilhelm, K. (2016) Comorbid substance use disorders and mental health disorders among New Zealand prisoners. New Zealand Department of Corrections, Wellington. 2 See Ministry of Health, 2011, Youth Forensic Services Development: Guidance for the health and disability sector on the development of specialist forensic mental health, alcohol and other drug, and intellectual disability services for young people involved in New Zealand’s justice system 3  Z Police (2017) Mental health – driver of demand, N Available: http://www.police.govt.nz/news/ten-onemagazine/mental-health-%E2%80%93-driverdemand 4 Statistics New Zealand (2016) Mäori Population Estimates: Mean year ended 31 December 2016. Available at http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_ stats/population/estimates_and_projections/Maori PopulationEstimates_HOTPMYe31Dec16.aspx 5 http://www.corrections.govt.nz/resources/research_ and_statistics/quarterly_prison_statistics/prison_ stats_june_2017.html 6 NZ Police (2017) Mental health – driver of demand, Available: http://www.police.govt.nz/news/ten-onemagazine/mental-health-%E2%80%93-driverdemand 7 Children’s Commissioner (2017) State of Care 2017 8 Department of Corrections (2017) Prison facts and statistics - June 2017. Available at http://www. newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2015/11/ commissioner-police-addressing-bias-in-maorirelations.html 9 Waitangi Tribunal (2017) Tü Mai te Rangi: Waitangi Report on Disproportionate Re-offending Available: https://forms.justice.govt.nz/search/Documents/ WT/wt_DOC_135986487/Tu%20Mai%20te%20 Rangi%20W.pdf 10 Shalev, S. (2017) Thinking Outside the Box? A review of seclusion and restraint practices in New Zealand (Available at www.seclusionandrestraint.co.nz) 11 ibid 12 The Government target is for seclusion in mental health facilities to be eliminated by 2020. 34 13 Oranga Tamariki contracts the management of one care and protection residence to a non-government organisation, Barnardos. 14 S ee: http://www.occ.org.nz/publications/reports/ state-of-care-2017-a-focus-on-oranga-tamarikissecure-residences/ 15  fter visits to Auckland and Christchurch A International Airports, it was established both facilities are places of detention.This brings the total number of immigration detention facilities to three. Wellington airport has one police cell which does not fall within the Ombudsman’s designation. 16 Nineteen visits were undertaken to secure community homes. Between two and three homes were visited at a time due to their close proximity. 17 All 13 reports were provided to detention facilities within eight weeks of the inspection for their comment. However, of the 13 reports, six were not finalised and published within three months due to an extended comment process. A protocol with the Department of Corrections is currently being developed, which should streamline the publication process for our OPCAT reports. 18 Eleven recommendations were accepted by the Department of Corrections, but the accompanying commentary suggests they should be read as rejected. For reporting purposes these have been recorded as not accepted. 19  riteria trialled at Hawke’s Bay Regional Prison and C Spring Hill Corrections. 20 Figures provided by the Ministry of Justice. 21 F rom OPCAT inspection reports for Hawke’s Bay Regional Prison, Spring Hill Corrections Facility and Christchurch Men’s Prison. 22 Hawke’s Bay survey conducted on 28 November 2016, Spring Hill survey conducted on 20 February 2017. 23 Inspectors short interactions with the youth indicated that one 17-year old appeared to have a learning disability and his cognitive functioning appeared to be that of a much younger boy. 24 Corrections advises that the youth did not interact with mainstream adult prisoners while being held at Manawatu Prison. Human Rights Commission