Chapter 6 — Main Aims, Outputs and Methods of Systemic Trial Monitoring Systemic trial-monitoring programmes seek to strike a balance between trial monitoring and broader monitoring of the justice sector. While the focus is on monitoring proceedings, the programmes also address interrelations between the courts and other aspects of the administration of justice, such as procedures for hiring, promoting and disciplining judges. The programmes adopt a working methodology that can apply to the different kinds of proceedings followed. Although such programmes can operate autonomously, they should take into account that other actors are often involved in promoting justice reforms. Consequently, they may strike partnerships or establish cooperation with other organizations to maximize efforts and avoid the duplication of work. Apart from monitoring proceedings, systemic programmes also provide analysis of information gathered, identify good practices and remaining challenges, and assess the development of reforms. They further empower their staff – to different degrees – to undertake an advisory role, both internally to the organization and externally directed to the national authorities, through advocacy activities. While the chapters in this part of the manual relate, in particular, to systemic trial-monitoring programmes, much of the information they contain is also relevant to thematic and ad hoc monitoring programmes, which will be covered in Parts IV and Part V. 53