17. SURVEILLANCE AND INTERCEPTION TECHNOLOGIES Description and intended purpose: There are many types of electronic surveillance and interception technologies used for law enforcement. The following is a selection of some of the technologies that are either most visible or most likely to be used in the context of public gatherings.108 Body-worn cameras are small cameras that are attached to a law enforcement officer’s uniform (usually the chest, but also the shoulder or helmet). Most models begin recording video and audio when they are activated by the officer, others are activated by specific triggers, such as when a weapon is drawn, and some record continuously. Body-worn cameras are intended to increase the transparency and accountability of police actions, as well as to provide video evidence that can be used in court. Handheld video cameras are frequently used by law enforcement officers policing public gatherings to collect video evidence, in order to support police investigations and subsequent prosecutions. Surveillance unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)/drones are increasingly used for crowd-control purposes. They are remotely operated and equipped with cameras to gather video evidence or to direct police actions. They allow the user to monitor a wide area, as well as to track individuals and could potentially aid law enforcement officers to identify specific individuals suspected of engaging in unlawful activity. 108 For a wider discussion of electronic surveillance technologies, see Privacy International, “The Global Surveillance Industry”, Privacy International website, 16 February, 2018, <https://privacyinternational.org/ explainer/1632/global-surveillance-industry>; See also, Privacy International, “Submission to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Context of Peaceful Protests”, October 2019, <https://privacyinternational.org/sites/default/ files/2019-12/PI%20OHCHR%20peaceful%20protest%20submission%20October%202019.pdf>.