units, a broad spectrum of recreational opportunities, psycho-social care, separation of the diagnostic and curative activities of physicians and the use of qualified healthcare personnel, etc.). Collaboration between the NPM and the Federal Ministry of the Interior The NPM found its collaboration with the Federal Ministry of the Interior – in the working group, which has met regularly since March 2014 – to be very constructive. The experience has shown that even complex problems that have, at times, remained unresolved for years, can be solved by a personal exchange with representatives of the Federal Ministry of the Interior. Without the willingness of the Federal Ministry of the Interior to move closer to the views of the NPM and give up an initially negative attitude toward the recommendations of the NPM, it would not have been possible to raise standards at the police detention centres in terms of human rights. The technical expertise and knowledge of everyday prison life held by those participating in the working group were as decisive a factor in the success obtained as was the good climate for discussion. In light of this positive experience, additional joint working groups for clearly defined topics seem appropriate. Working group with the Federal Ministry of the Interior The personal commitment of the employees The dedicated employees at police detention centres also deserve praise. The commissions continually report on employees at police detention centres who go beyond their professional obligations and demonstrate a personal commitment to improving the conditions of detention. The dedication of many employees is demonstrated by obtaining games and reading materials for the prisoners or by their especially considerate and respectful treatment of prisoners. A prerequisite for humane detention, which should not be underestimated, is for the employees at police detention centres to not become frustrated despite challenging and at times very stressful activities and to maintain their empathy toward the prisoners. 2.6.7 System-related problem areas – police stations 2.6.7.1 Inadequate documentation of detention During their visits, the commissions routinely inspect the detention books and detention logs at the respective police stations. Deprivations of liberty must be fully documented. If affected persons are required to sign detention logs as a means of protecting their rights, a signature should actually be obtained or the refusal to sign 132 Small steps with a great effect