der already has the most experience in this field. They are, however, also partly transferrable to psychiatric clinics and facilities for prisoners in detention awaiting deportation. Further specific foci will also be added in the future in this regard as the number of visits to these facilities increases. Detention area and specially-secured cell The inspections focus on particularly sensitive areas such as the detention cells and the specially-secured cell containing no dangerous objects. In addition to the nature, duration and frequency of accommodation, the cleanliness and hygiene of the sanitary facilities, the nature of the monitoring, the state of the clothing of those concerned, as well as the measures taken in advance to avoid these security measures, are interesting in this regard. If the speciallysecured cell or a detention cell is subject to video monitoring, the surveillance normally also includes the toilet area. The latter particularly impinges on the privacy of the accommodated person. Particularly when portraying the person concerned on the monitor, therefore, a way must be found, firstly, to avoid any suicidal acts on the part of the person accommodated and, secondly, to guarantee protection of privacy as far as possible. The toilet area should be roughly pixelated on the surveillance monitor. If a special security situation exists in which pixelisation constitutes a risk, direct supervision by an officer must take place. The measure is then to be given detailed reasoning and documented. The person accommodated should always be dressed in suicide-preventing clothes. If this is not possible for security reasons, the surveillance should only be carried out by staff of the same sex as a matter of principle. Solitary confinement The implementation of security measures, such as solitary confinement, is an extraordinary strain for the detainees concerned. The CPT presumes that solitary confinement may constitute inhuman and degrading treatment under certain circumstances. It is to be kept as short as at all possible in each case.14 In order to alleviate the negative impact of solitary confinement on the mental and physical health of the person concerned, they should be given adequate opportunities to engage in meaningful activities and for appropriate human contact (for instance through extended visiting hours). Those concerned should also receive regular psychiatric, psychological as well as pastoral care. This should take place in a confidential framework that is suited to the discussion situation. Fixation If a person is fixated, particularly clear, strict criteria must be applied in order to protect the person concerned against injury and to preserve their dignity. Exemplary requirements for the implementation of fixation can be found in the Bavarian prison system. They apply not only to prisons, however, but are also largely transferrable to police units. These requirements also satisfy the demands of the National Agency on the implementation of fixation. This measure is only ordered as a last resort in the Bavarian prison system as a special security measure. It is not permissible as a punishment. Fixation (where appropriate with handcuffs) by fixing to metal rings anchored in the ground is not practiced in Bavarian prisons. In particular systems are used, such as a bandage system developed for psychiatrics, which ensures that fixation causes as little damage as possible and minimises the risk of injury. A variety of different terms are used for the same non-damaging fixation, 14 cf. CPT Standards, CPT/Inf/E (2002) 1 - Rev. 2010, p. 20, marginal no. 56. 19