DEVICES AUTHORIZED FOR USE 7 Table 2.1. Equipment authorized for use by law-enforcement personnel in selected Eurasian states Type of equipment Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Kyrgyzstan Turkmenistan Rubber baton, truncheon, stick Handcuffs, shackles Restraint chair Restraint bed or board Straitjacket or shirt Electroshock weapons ‘Gas’ weaponsa Smoke generators, foggers Rubber bullets Paint guns Nets, net guns Acoustic devicesc Light/acoustic devicesd Water jets, water cannons Armoured vehicles Firearms Dogs Unarmed combat x x x x x x – – – x x – x – – – – x – x x x x – x xb x – – x – x – x – – – – x – – – – – x – – – – x xb xb xb x x – – – – x – – – – x x x x x – x x x – x x x – – – x – x x x x x – x x a Including tear gas, pepper spray and chemical irritants. Under the category ‘non-lethal equipment’. c Including long-range acoustic-hailing devices or ‘sound cannons’. d Including so-called flash-bang devices. b Sources: Republic of Armenia, 2002 Law on Treatment of Arrestees and Detainees, <http://www.legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/6609>, Articles 39, 40; Azerbaijan, 2012 Law on the rights and freedoms of individuals kept in detention facilities, <http://bit.ly/1pp0AG2>, Articles 43–47; Georgian Ministry of Corrections, Rules and Terms on Types of Instruments of Restraint, their Maintaining, Carrying and Using and on Identification of Persons Entitled to Use Them, Order No. 145, 2014; Republic of Kazakhstan, 1999 Law on Procedure and Conditions of Detention of Persons in Institutions providing Temporary Isolation from Society, <http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/ 94649/111117/F1083569239/KAZ94649.pdf>, Articles 42–46; and Turkmenistan, 2012 Law on Police, <http://infoabad.com/zakonodatelstvo-turkmenistana/zakon-turkmenistana-o-policiturkmenistana.html>, Article 15. items as they are very easy to over-tighten and often impossible to loosen without removing completely. Other than the issues relating to over-tightening and other misuse of standard-issue mechanical restraint devices, there are a number of specific devices that are of particular concern, which are known to be used in the region or authorized for use. These include multi-point restraint systems, such as restraint chairs and individual wall and thumb cuffs.