L 200/4 (28) EN Official Journal of the European Union This Regulation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION: CHAPTER I Subject matter, scope and definitions 30.7.2005 authority, any public or private prison authority and, where appropriate, any of the state security forces and military authorities; (d) ‘export’ means any departure of goods from the customs territory of the Community, including the departure of goods that requires a customs declaration and the departure of goods after their storage in a free zone of control type I or free warehouse within the meaning of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92; Article 1 Subject matter and scope 1. This Regulation lays down Community rules governing trade with third countries in goods that could be used for the purpose of capital punishment or for the purpose of torture and other cruel, degrading or inhuman treatment or punishment, and in related technical assistance. 2. This Regulation does not apply to the supply of related technical assistance if that supply involves cross-border movement of natural persons. (e) ‘import’ means any entry of goods into the customs territory of the Community, including temporary storage, the placing in a free zone or free warehouse, the placing under a suspensive procedure and the release for free circulation within the meaning of Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92; (f) ‘technical assistance’ means any technical support related to repairs, development, manufacture, testing, maintenance, assembly or any other technical service, and may take forms such as instruction, advice, training, transmission of working knowledge or skills or consulting services. Technical assistance includes verbal forms of assistance and assistance provided by electronic means; Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Regulation: (a) ‘torture’ means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from that person or from a third person information or a confession, punishing that person for an act that either that person or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing that person or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted either by or at the instigation of, or with the consent or acquiescence of, a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not, however, include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful penalties; (b) ‘other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment’ means any act by which significant pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is inflicted on a person, when such pain or suffering is inflicted either by or at the instigation of, or with the consent or acquiescence of, a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not, however, include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful penalties; (c) ‘law enforcement authority’ means any authority in a third country responsible for preventing, detecting, investigating, combating and punishing criminal offences, including, but not limited to, the police, any prosecutor, any judicial (g) ‘museum’ means a non-profit making, permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, and open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits, for purposes of study, education and enjoyment, material evidence of people and their environment; (h) ‘competent authority’ means an authority of one of the Member States, as listed in Annex I, which in accordance with Article 8(1) is entitled to make a decision on an application for an authorisation; (i) ‘applicant’ means 1. in the case of exports referred to in Article 3 or 5, any natural or legal person that holds a contract with a consignee in a country to which the goods will be exported and that has the power for determining the sending of goods controlled by this Regulation out of the customs territory of the Community at the time when the customs declaration is accepted. If no export contract has been concluded or if the holder of the contract does not act on its own behalf, the power for determining the sending of the item out of the customs territory of the Community shall be decisive; 2. where, in the case of such exports, the benefit of a right to dispose of the goods belongs to a person established outside the Community pursuant to the contract on which the exports are based, the contracting party established in the Community;