CONTROLLING THE USE OF FORCE AND FIREARMS Control point Focus RECRUITMENT Candidates of appropriate fitness and character TRAINING Use of force, firearms, first aid, self-defence, use of defensive equipment, use of nonlethal instruments, crowd behaviour and control, negotiation, conflict resolution, personal stress management REGULATIONS Enforced, clear, formal rules, regulations, policies and standing orders reflecting standards on the use of force and firearms MONITORING Of all force and firearm incidents, officer fitness, equipment and supplies, stress levels, training levels, control, storage and issue of weapons and ammunition REPORTING Of all incidents of use of force and firearms, with clear reporting guidelines and appropriate follow-up and review by superior officials DISCIPLINE Of violating officers and superiors who knew or should have known of abuses COUNSELLING Stress management, preventive and postincident counselling for officers STRATEGY Strategies to reduce the risk of officers being forced to resort to firearms (negotiation, gradual progression, range of means, defensive techniques, strategic deployment, non-provocative approaches, etc.) EQUIPMENT First aid tools, defensive shields, vests and helmets, range of means for differentiated use of force, non-lethal instruments, communication equipment OHCHR Police Trainer’s Guide Session 8 (Use of Force)/Hand-out 112