The Rwanda Tribunal is similar to the Yugoslavia Tribunal, and its Statute (hereafter: the “ICTR Statute”) is based closely on the ICTY’s. The ICTR’s jurisdiction is limited to serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in Rwanda or committed by Rwandan nationals in neighbouring States between 1 April and 31 December 1994.256 III. THEMATIC SUMMARY OF SOME CENTRAL ISSUES PERTAINING TO THE CONVENTION 4. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONVENTION AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW As with the ICTY, the Rwanda Tribunal’s jurisdiction extends to genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, with adjustments to reflect the conflict’s particular circumstances, such as its internal character. Like the ICTY, the ICTR’s personal jurisdiction extends only to natural persons. In addition, its jurisdiction is concurrent with national courts, with the Tribunal enjoying primacy. The Statute’s provisions on individual responsibility, defences, immunities, and double jeopardy are identical to those in the ICTY Statute.257 70 Jurisdiction over the crime of torture as defined in the Convention against Torture is not subject to the geographic and time limitations set forth in the ICTY and ICTR Statutes. Furthermore, the definition of torture in Article 1 of the Convention does not correspond exactly to torture as defined in international humanitarian law.

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