2. Signatures and ratifications of the Convention establishing the CPT (as at 31 December 2018) The European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (ECPT) was opened for signature by the member states of the Council of Europe on 26 November 1987. Since 1 March 2002, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe has been able to invite any non-member state of the Council of Europe to accede to the Convention.20 Member states of the Council of Europe Date of signature Date of ratification Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Republic of Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation San Marino Serbia Slovak Republic Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom 02/10/1996 10/09/1996 11/05/2001 26/11/1987 21/12/2001 26/11/1987 12/07/2002 30/09/1993 06/11/1996 26/11/1987 23/12/1992 26/11/1987 28/06/1996 16/11/1989 26/11/1987 16/02/2000 26/11/1987 26/11/1987 09/02/1993 26/11/1987 14/03/1988 26/11/1987 11/09/1997 26/11/1987 14/09/1995 26/11/1987 26/11/1987 02/05/1996 30/11/2005 02/10/1996 06/01/1997 18/06/2002 06/01/1989 15/04/2002 23/07/1991 12/07/2002 03/05/1994 11/10/1997 03/04/1989 07/09/1995 02/05/1989 06/11/1996 20/12/1990 09/01/1989 20/06/2000 21/02/1990 02/08/1991 04/11/1993 19/06/1990 14/03/1988 29/12/1988 10/02/1998 12/09/1991 26/11/1998 06/09/1988 07/03/1988 02/10/1997 30/11/2005 26/11/1987 14/06/1996 26/11/1987 11/07/1994 26/11/1987 04/11/1993 28/02/1996 16/11/1989 03/03/2004 23/12/1992 04/11/1993 26/11/1987 26/11/1987 26/11/1987 11/01/1988 02/05/1996 26/11/1987 12/10/1988 06/06/1997 21/04/1989 10/10/1994 29/03/1990 04/10/1994 05/05/1998 31/01/1990 03/03/2004 11/05/1994 02/02/1994 02/05/1989 21/06/1988 07/10/1988 26/02/1988 05/05/1997 24/06/1988 Date of entry into force 01/02/1997 01/05/1997 01/10/2002 01/05/1989 01/08/2002 01/11/1991 01/11/2002 01/09/1994 01/02/1998 01/08/1989 01/01/1996 01/09/1989 01/03/1997 01/04/1991 01/05/1989 01/10/2000 01/06/1990 01/12/1991 01/03/1994 01/10/1990 01/02/1989 01/04/1989 01/06/1998 01/01/1992 01/03/1999 01/02/1989 01/02/1989 01/02/1998 01/03/2006 06/06/2006 20 01/02/1989 01/10/1997 01/08/1989 01/02/1995 01/07/1990 01/02/1995 01/09/1998 01/05/1990 01/07/2004 01/09/1994 01/06/1994 01/09/1989 01/02/1989 01/02/1989 01/02/1989 01/09/1997 01/02/1989 20. On 14 June 2006, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe agreed that the Republic of Montenegro was a Party to the Convention with effect from 6 June 2006, the date of the Republic’s declaration of succession to the Council of Europe Conventions of which Serbia and Montenegro was a signatory or party. Page 42 ►General Report of the CPT, 2018