DRAFT CEDAW General recommendation on Trafficking in Women and Girls in the Context of Global Migration h) a. Provide forcibly displaced women victims of trafficking with access to justice, including through the deployment of mobile courts to camps, rural areas and border zones. 232 Investigations, prosecutions and punishment 85. The Committee acknowledges the complexity and the high level of skill required to investigate and prosecute allegations of trafficking in women and girls that often implicate a criminal network operating transnationally. Over-reliance by the prosecution on witness testimonies is often insufficient to secure a conviction. Low rates of investigations, prosecutions and convictions can also be attributed to lengthy legal proceedings, lack of trafficking expertise among judges and prosecutors, complicity of State officials, gender bias in courts, difficulties in securing victim cooperation due to lack of victim-friendly approaches and procedures, and low corporate accountability. 86. The Committee condemns the use of anti-trafficking interventions to justify violence against specific groups of women, particularly in the case of violent raids and entrapment operations by law enforcement authorities conducted with a view to dismantling trafficking networks. 87. International and regional agreements on investigating trafficking offences: Build the capacity and accountability of specialized law enforcement units to proactively investigate organized crime linked to trafficking 233 , including through international, regional and bilateral cooperation with countries of origin, transit and destination to detect, investigate and prosecute trafficking in women and girls by exchanging information including by executing memorandums of understanding with other countries in the region234 and harmonizing legal procedures to prosecute traffickers. 235 88. Prosecutions a) Ensure the timely prosecution and adequate punishment of trafficking in women and girls and related offences, whether perpetrated by public authorities or private actors, including by developing gender-specific guidance on collection of evidence and the conduct of the proceedings; b) Adopt specific protection measures for victims of trafficking that take into account the needs of women subjected to multiple forms of discrimination, including forcibly displaced and migrant women; 236 c) Provide capacity building for judges, prosecutors and police officers on the robust application of criminal law provisions to prosecute traffickers, on the principles 232 para. 49(b), CEDAW/C/RWA/CO/7-9; para. 11(c), CEDAW/C/NER/CO/3-4; para. 19(d), CEDAW/C/VEN/CO/7-8. 233 para. 25(a-b), CEDAW/C/GTM/CO/8-9; para. 21(a), CEDAW/C/CRI/CO/7; para. 23(b), CEDAW/C/SGP/CO/5; para. 31(a), CEDAW/C/IRL/CO/6-7. 234 para. 27(f), CEDAW/C/LKA/CO/8. 235 General recommendation No. 30 (2013) (CEDAW/C/GC/30), para. 41(d); para. 28(f), CEDAW/C/BWA/CO/4; para. 20(f), CEDAW/C/MUS/CO/8; para. 29(d), CEDAW/C/PSE/CO/1; para. 36(f), CEDAW/C/SAU/CO/3-4; para. 27(f), CEDAW/C/KEN/CO/8; para. 23(e), CEDAW/C/SGP/CO/5; para. 25(f), CEDAW/C/THA/CO/6-7; para. 28(c), CEDAW/C/NGA/CO/7-8; para. 6(d), CEDAW/C/BRB/CO/5-8; para. 30(j), CEDAW/C/ITA/CO/7; para. 31(a), CEDAW/C/UKR/CO/8; para. 19(h), CEDAW/C/ARM/CO/5-6; para. 25(d), CEDAW/C/HND/CO/7-8; para. 23(f), CEDAW/C/ERI/CO/5; para. 25(d), CEDAW/C/GAB/CO/6. 236 General recommendation No. 30 (2013) (CEDAW/C/GC/30), paras. 32(a) and 41; para. R, CEDAW/C/MMR/CO/3; para. 38(d), CEDAW/C/LBN/CO/4-5; para. 38(d), CEDAW/C/PHL/CO/7-8; para. 20(f), CEDAW/C/AGO/CO/6; para. 19(d), CEDAW/C/VEN/CO/7-8; para. 40(b), CEDAW/C/ITA/CO/7; para. 36(c), CEDAW/C/NLD/CO/6; para. 37(e), CEDAW/C/THA/CO/6-7. 29