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public departments, including through mobile units, in collaboration with the public healthcare service, the third sector and the so-called “primary care medicine”.
32.
The medium-term objective is to provide support to the public health-care service in
the management of those individuals with a specific vulnerability and to raise awareness
among local social and health-care service providers, through information-sharing
activities.
33.
To ensure information and legal support to migrants, particularly vulnerable groups,
in the areas concerned by the arrivals by sea, from the month of July 2015 onwards,
UNHCR and IOM have launched measures to ensure specific support, in close
collaboration with the institutional actors involved, coupled with monitoring of reception
conditions in governmental and temporary Centers.
34.
As above reported, Article 14 of Legislative Decree No. 142/15 outlines the
territorial system of reception-SPRAR (Asylum-Seekers and Refugees Protection System),
which is already operational throughout the Italian territory, thanks to the commitment of
both central and local Institutions, according to a responsibility-sharing approach between
the Ministry of Interior and local Authorities.
35.
In implementing the SPRAR system locally, in collaboration with third sector, local
Authorities guarantee “integrated reception measures”, which go beyond the mere supply of
food and accommodation. Indeed, they also include complementary orientation and
accompanying measures of a legal and social nature, in addition to individual pathways of
inclusion and socio-economic integration (In this regard, Italy’s efforts are proven by the
increase in SPRAR places: from 3,000 in 2012 to 32,000 places in the first months of
2016).
36.
In this context, the capacity of “turn over” within the SPRAR system is of the
utmost importance, meaning how many times the same place can be used by more than one
beneficiary, in a year. Data indicates a nine-month long stay in 2015: this is an
improvement, compared to the previous year, when the average stay in the reception system
was of an 11 month-term.
37.
As earlier reported, due to massive migration inflows recorded in 2014, the
Institutions concerned have implemented extraordinary reception measures, in accordance
with Article 11 of Legislative Decree No. 142/15, so that many asylum-seekers have been
accommodated temporarily, within both the first and second level of reception, in
apartments or other available structures such as the above-mentioned Extraordinary
Reception Centres – CAS. The latter, as of 31 December 2015, were hosting 76,683 people.
By strengthening the second level of reception, the Authority responsible of the Fund for
Asylum, Migration, and Integration has envisaged specific support actions for individuals
entitled to protection, through the definition and implementation of an individualised plan,
including targeted interventions of a socio-economic integration nature, which supplements
the pathway undertaken under the SPRAR circuit. The latter, which can be realized by all
“other relevant stakeholders”, enrolled in the Register referred to under Article 42 of the
Immigration Act (in mandatory partnership with local Authorities adhering to SPRAR
network), includes the implementation of actions aimed at rehabilitation and socioeconomic integration for beneficiaries of international protection (also to conclude the
inclusive pathway previously initiated under SPRAR).
38.
As part of the second level of reception, mention has to be made of the action,
entitled "Protecting the health of applicants and beneficiaries of international protection
under psychological vulnerability, including by means of strengthening the institutional
capacity".
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