A Monitoring Guide 113 Moreover, given that the authorities knew or “ought to have known of the risks surrounding that event”, they were “under an obligation to proide adequate protection”, which they failed to do. Lastly, noting that “Georgian criminal law provided that discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity should be treated as an aggravating circumstance in the commission of an offence”, the Court found that it would have been “essential for the relevant domestic authorities to conduct [an] investigation[with]in that specific context,” which they had failed to do, thus “fail[ing] to conduct a proper investigation into the thirteen applicants’ allegations of ill-treatment.” What is the role and attitude of police and other law enforcement officers during peaceful demonstrations and marches, such as “gay prides”? How does it compare with demonstrations organized by other social groups? Are police officers trained in providing protection to specific social groups during public demonstrations? What is the ratio between police officers and demonstrators? How does it compare with demonstrations by other social groups? How are law enforcement officers trained to handle escalations of violence and how does their behaviour measure up in practice? Is there any indication that officers are acquiescent or complicit in acts of violence targeting demonstrators? Conversely, do officers support and/or take part in marches such as “gay prides”? 5. Reporting crimes (including hate crimes) to the police Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in Relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Chapter IV Monitoring checklist