Note: No data is yet available for 2015, due to the many modifications in prison data collection made over the course of that year (adoption of GENESIS management software in prisons and modification of the method for calculating numbers of prison entries). For 2016, figures published by the Prison Administration at the end of the year enabled updating of the table’s various headings, except for convicted prisoners placed in detention and imprisonment for debt (see below, 1.5). Reference: Temporary Detention Surveillance Committee, 2015-2016 Report, Paris, CSDP, 2016. For the 2014-2016 figures presented, here, the numbers counted are by imprisonment judgement, for this legal placement under the responsibility of a penal institution no longer always involves accommodation. According to an estimate by the Prison Authorities Department (PMJ5) relating to the whole of France, placements in detention (imprisonment without adjustment of sentence ab initio or within seven days) represented 78% of imprisonments in 2013. This percentage was still 94% in 2006. Before the introduction, at the start of the 2000s, of electronic surveillance for prisoners (Act of 19 December 1997), it was almost 100%. Although these figures have not been updated for the last two years, this estimate of placements in detention enables, from 2006 onwards in this table, a series to be offered for those arrested and sentenced, placed in detention, that is, according to the methodology used, not having an adjustment of sentence ab initio or within the 7 days following imprisonment (external placement or placement under electronic surveillance). Comment: The gaps in the 2015-2016 series make it difficult to assesses evolutions for these last two years For preceding years (subject to confirmation for the following years) it can be seen that the new level of placements in detention of those sentenced has not fundamentally changed since the development of sentence adjustment. Even though, from 2014 onwards, we only have the overall statistics for all remand prisoners, the long-term drop in placements in temporary detention in the context of committal proceedings seems to have arrived at a ceiling and those making their appearance in court immediately are also stabilising. The drop in "imprisoned" in police statistics has not been confirmed (but the definition is not the same). Finally, placements in detention of "remand prisoners" (in the context of committal proceedings or immediate appearance in court before final sentencing) are clearly the majority among those detained over the course of this period. References: These series, as with all those from the prison statistics, have been reconstituted by Bruno Aubusson de Cavarlay (Cesdip/CNRS) for the earliest period, from printed sources. For more recent years – with the exception, as indicated, of figures from 2015 – they are now regularly distributed by the Prison Administration’s studies and estimates office (DAP-PMJ5) in a document entitled "Statistical series of persons appearing before the courts" ("Séries statistiques des personnes placées sous main de justice"). For 2016, we have also drawn on the statistics published in Les Chiffres clés de la Justice 2017, Paris, Ministry of Justice, 2017. In relation to temporary detention, other series are presented in the 2015-2016 Report by the Temporary Detention Surveillance Committee (December 2016)75. 75 This report is available online: http://www.justice.gouv.fr/le-garde-des-sceaux-10016/rapport-sur-la-detentionprovisoire-29547.html 153